Nobel Prize winners by name (J through L)

Nobel Prize winners by name (J through L)

Table
Nobel Prize winners by name (J through L)
name year category country* achievement literary area
Jacob, François 1965 physiology/
medicine France discoveries concerning regulatory activities of body cells
Jelinek, Elfriede 2004 literature Austria novelist, playwright
Jensen, J. Hans D. 1963 physics West
Germany development of the shell model theory of the structure of atomic nuclei
Jensen, Johannes V. 1944 literature Denmark novelist
Jerne, Niels K. 1984 physiology/
medicine U.K.- Denmark theory and development of a technique for producing monoclonal antibodies
Jiménez, Juan Ramón 1956 literature Spain poet
Johnson, Eyvind 1974 literature Sweden novelist
Joliot-Curie, Frédéric and Irène 1935 chemistry France synthesis of new radioactive elements
Josephson, Brian D. 1973 physics U.K. tunneling in semiconductors and superconductors
Jouhaux, Léon 1951 peace France
Kahneman, Daniel 2002 economics U.S./Israel integration of psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision making under uncertainty
Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike 1913 physics The Netherlands investigation into the properties of matter at low temperatures; production of liquid helium
Kandel, Eric 2000 physiology/
medicine U.S. discovery of how signals are transmitted between nerve cells in the brain
Kantorovich, Leonid Vitalyevich 1975 economics U.S.S.R. contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources
Kapitsa, Pyotr Leonidovich 1978 physics U.S.S.R. invention and application of a helium liquefier
Karle, Jerome 1985 chemistry U.S. development of a way to map the chemical structures of small molecules
Axel (Karlfeldt, Erik Axel) (declined) 1918 literature Sweden poet
Axel (Karlfeldt, Erik Axel) (posthumous award) 1931 literature Sweden poet
Karrer, Paul 1937 chemistry Switzerland research on carotenoids, flavins, and vitamins
Kastler, Alfred 1966 physics France discovery of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms
Bernard (Katz, Sir Bernard) 1970 physiology/
medicine U.K. discoveries concerning the chemistry of nerve impulse transmission
Kawabata Yasunari 1968 literature Japan novelist
Kellogg, Frank B. 1929 peace U.S.
Kendall, Edward Calvin 1950 physiology/
medicine U.S. research on adrenal cortex hormones, their structure and biological effects
Kendall, Henry Way 1990 physics U.S. discovery of quarks
Kendrew, John Cowdery (Kendrew, Sir John Cowdery) 1962 chemistry U.K. determination of the structure of hemoproteins
Kertész, Imre 2002 literature Hungary novelist
Khorana, Har Gobind 1968 physiology/
medicine U.S. deciphering the genetic code
Kilby, Jack S. (Kilby, Jack) 2000 physics U.S. development of the integrated circuit (microchip)
Kim Dae Jung 2000 peace South Korea
King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1964 peace U.S.
Kipling, Rudyard 1907 literature U.K. poet, novelist
Kissinger, Henry A. 1973 peace U.S.
Klein, Lawrence Robert 1980 economics U.S. development and analysis of empirical models of business fluctuations
von (Klitzing, Klaus von) 1985 physics West
Germany discovery of the quantized Hall effect, permitting exact measurements of electrical resistance
Klug, Aaron 1982 chemistry U.K. determination of the structure of biological substances
Kobayashi Makoto 2008 physics Japan discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature
Koch, Robert 1905 physiology/
medicine Germany tuberculosis research
Kocher, Emil Theodor 1909 physiology/
medicine Switzerland physiology, pathology, and surgery of the thyroid gland
Köhler, Georges J.F. 1984 physiology/
medicine West
Germany theory and development of a technique for producing monoclonal antibodies
Kohn, Walter 1998 chemistry U.S. development of the density-functional theory
Tjalling C. (Koopmans, Tjalling C.) 1975 economics U.S. contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources
Kornberg, Arthur 1959 physiology/
medicine U.S. work on producing nucleic acids artificially
Kornberg, Roger D. 2006 chemistry U.S. work on the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription
Koshiba Masatoshi 2002 physics Japan detection of neutrinos
Kossel, Albrecht 1910 physiology/
medicine Germany research in cellular chemistry
Krebs, Edwin Gerhard 1992 physiology/
medicine U.S. discovery of the class of enzymes called protein kinases
Krebs, Sir Hans Adolf 1953 physiology/
medicine U.K. discovery of the citric acid cycle in metabolism of carbohydrates
Kroemer, Herbert 2000 physics Germany development of fast semiconductors for use in microelectronics
Krogh, August 1920 physiology/
medicine Denmark discovery of the capillary motor-regulating mechanism
Kroto, Sir Harold W. 1996 chemistry U.K. discovery of new carbon compounds called fullerenes
Krugman, Paul 2008 economics U.S. analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity
Kuhn, Richard (declined) 1938 chemistry Germany carotenoid and vitamin research
Kusch, Polykarp 1955 physics U.S. measurement of the magnetic moment of the electron
Kuznets, Simon 1971 economics U.S. extensive research on the economic growth of nations
Kydland, Finn E. 2004 economics Norway contributions to dynamic macroeconomics
Lafontaine, Henri-Marie 1913 peace Belgium
Lagerkvist, Pär 1951 literature Sweden novelist
Lagerlöf, Selma 1909 literature Sweden novelist
Lamb, Willis Eugene, Jr. 1955 physics U.S. discoveries in the hydrogen spectrum
Landau, Lev Davidovich 1962 physics U.S.S.R. contributions to the understanding of condensed states of matter
Karl (Landsteiner, Karl) 1930 physiology/
medicine U.S. discovery of human blood groups
Lange, Christian Lous 1921 peace Norway
Langmuir, Irving 1932 chemistry U.S. discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry
Laue, Max von 1914 physics Germany discovery of diffraction of X-rays by crystals
Robert B. (Laughlin, Robert B.) 1998 physics U.S. discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect
Lauterbur, Paul 2003 physiology/
medicine U.S. development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Alphonse (Laveran, Alphonse) 1907 physiology/
medicine France discovery of the role of protozoans in diseases
Lawrence, Ernest Orlando 1939 physics U.S. invention of the cyclotron
Laxness, Halldór 1955 literature Iceland novelist
Marie Gustave (Le Clézio, Jean-Marie Gustave) 2008 literature France novelist,
essayist
Le Duc Tho (declined) 1973 peace North
Vietnam
League of Red Cross Societies (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies) 1963 peace
Joshua (Lederberg, Joshua) 1958 physiology/
medicine U.S. genetic recombination
Lederman, Leon Max 1988 physics U.S. research in subatomic particles
Lee, David M. 1996 physics U.S. discovery of superfluidity in the isotope helium-3
Lee, Tsung-Dao 1957 physics China discovery of violations of the principle of parity
Lee, Yuan T. 1986 chemistry U.S. development of methods for analyzing basic chemical reactions
Leggett, Anthony J. 2003 physics U.S. discoveries regarding superconductivity and superfluidity at very low temperatures
Marie (Lehn, Jean-Marie) 1987 chemistry France development of molecules that can link with other molecules
Leloir, Luis Federico 1970 chemistry Argentina discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates
Lenard, Philipp 1905 physics Germany research on cathode rays
Leontief, Wassily 1973 economics U.S. input-output analysis
Lessing, Doris 2007 literature U.K. novelist
Levi-Montalcini, Rita 1986 physiology/
medicine Italy discovery of chemical agents that help regulate the growth of cells
Lewis, Sir Arthur 1979 economics U.K. analyses of economic processes in developing nations
B. (Lewis, Edward B.) 1995 physiology/
medicine U.S. identification of genes that control the body's early structural development
Lewis, Sinclair 1930 literature U.S. novelist
Libby, Willard Frank 1960 chemistry U.S. development of radiocarbon dating
Lipmann, Fritz Albert 1953 physiology/
medicine U.S. discovery of coenzyme A in metabolism of carbohydrates
Lippmann, Gabriel 1908 physics France photographic reproduction of colours
Lipscomb, William Nunn, Jr. 1976 chemistry U.S. structure of boranes
Loewi, Otto 1936 physiology/
medicine Germany work on chemical transmission of nerve impulses
Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon 1902 physics The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation
Lorenz, Konrad 1973 physiology/
medicine Austria discoveries in animal behaviour patterns
Lucas, Robert E., Jr. 1995 economics U.S. incorporation of rational expectations in macroeconomic theory
Luria, Salvador 1969 physiology/
medicine U.S. research and discoveries concerning viruses and viral diseases
John (Luthuli, Albert John) 1960 peace South Africa
Lwoff, André 1965 physiology/
medicine France discoveries concerning regulatory activities of body cells
Lynen, Feodor 1964 physiology/
medicine West
Germany discoveries concerning cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism
*Nationality given is the citizenship of recipient at the time award was made. Prizes may be withheld or not awarded in years when no worthy recipient can be found or when the world situation (e.g., World Wars I and II) prevents the gathering of information needed to reach a decision.
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