Nobel Prize winners by name (M through O)

Nobel Prize winners by name (M through O)

▪ Table
Nobel Prize winners by name (M through O)
name year category country* achievement literary area
Maathai, Wangari 2004 peace Kenya  
MacBride, Seán 1974 peace Ireland
MacDiarmid, Alan G. 2000 chemistry U.S. discovery of plastics that conduct electricity  
MacKinnon, Roderick 2003 chemistry U.S. discoveries regarding ion channels in cells
Macleod, J.J.R. 1923 physiology/medicine U.K. discovery of insulin
Maeterlinck, Maurice 1911 literature Belgium dramatist
Mahfouz, Naguib 1988 literature Egypt novelist
Mandela, Nelson 1993 peace South Africa
Mann, Thomas 1929 literature Germany novelist
Mansfield, Sir Peter 2003 physiology/medicine U.K. development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Marconi, Guglielmo 1909 physics Italy development of wireless telegraphy
Marcus, Rudolph A. 1992 chemistry U.S. explanation of how electrons transfer between molecules
Markowitz, Harry M. 1990 economics U.S. study of financial markets and investment decision making
Marshall, Barry J. 2005 physiology/medicine Australia discovery of bacteria's role in peptic ulcer disease
Marshall, George C. (Marshall, George Catlett) 1953 peace U.S.
Martin, A.J.P. 1952 chemistry U.K. development of partition chromatography
Martin du Gard, Roger 1937 literature France novelist
Martinson, Harry 1974 literature Sweden novelist, poet
Maskawa Toshihide 2008 physics Japan discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature
Maskin, Eric S. 2007 economics U.S. work that laid the foundations of mechanism design theory
Mather, John C. 2006 physics U.S. discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation
Mauriac, François 1952 literature France poet, novelist, dramatist
Mayer, Maria Goeppert 1963 physics U.S. development of the shell model theory of the structure of atomic nuclei
McClintock, Barbara 1983 physiology/medicine U.S. discovery of mobile plant genes that affect heredity
McFadden, Daniel L. 2000 economics U.S. development of methods of statistical analysis of individual and household behaviour  
McMillan, Edwin Mattison 1951 chemistry U.S. discovery of and research on transuranium elements
Meade, James Edward 1977 economics U.K. contributions to the theory of international trade
Medawar, Sir Peter B. 1960 physiology/medicine U.K. acquired immunity to tissue transplants
Meer, Simon van der 1984 physics The Netherlands discovery of subatomic particles W and Z, which supports the electroweak theory
Mello, Craig C. 2006 physiology/
medicine U.S. discovery of RNA interference—gene silencing by double-stranded RNA
Menchú, Rigoberta 1992 peace Guatemala
Merrifield, Bruce 1984 chemistry U.S. development of a method of polypeptide synthesis
Merton, Robert C. 1997 economics U.S. method for determining the value of stock options and other derivatives
Metchnikoff, Élie 1908 physiology/medicine Russia work on immunity
Meyerhof, Otto 1922 physiology/medicine Germany work on metabolism of lactic acid in muscles
Michel, Hartmut 1988 chemistry West Germany discovery of the structure of proteins needed in photosynthesis
Michelson, A.A. 1907 physics U.S. spectroscopic and metrological investigations
Miller, Merton H. 1990 economics U.S. study of financial markets and investment decision making
Millikan, Robert Andrews 1923 physics U.S. work on elementary electric charge and the photoelectric effect
Milosz, Czeslaw (Miłosz, Czesław) 1980 literature U.S. poet
Milstein, César 1984 physiology/medicine Argentina theory and development of a technique for producing monoclonal antibodies
Minot, George Richards 1934 physiology/medicine U.S. discoveries concerning liver treatment for anemia
Mirrlees, James A. 1996 economics U.K. contributions to the theory of incentives under conditions of asymmetric information
Mistral, Frédéric 1904 literature France poet
Mistral, Gabriela 1945 literature Chile poet
Mitchell, Peter Dennis 1978 chemistry U.K. formulation of a theory of energy-transfer processes in biological systems
Modigliani, Franco 1985 economics U.S. analyses of household savings and financial markets
Moissan, Henri 1906 chemistry France isolation of fluorine; introduction of the Moissan furnace
Molina, Mario 1995 chemistry U.S. explanation of processes that deplete Earth's ozone layer
Mommsen, Theodor 1902 literature Germany historian
Moneta, Ernesto Teodoro 1907 peace Italy
Monod, Jacques 1965 physiology/medicine France discoveries concerning regulatory activities of body cells
Montagnier, Luc 2008 physiology/medicine France discovery of human immunodeficiency virus
Montale, Eugenio 1975 literature Italy poet
Moore, Stanford 1972 chemistry U.S. fundamental contributions to enzyme chemistry
Morgan, Thomas Hunt 1933 physiology/medicine U.S. heredity transmission functions of chromosomes
Morrison, Toni 1993 literature U.S. novelist
Mössbauer, Rudolf Ludwig 1961 physics West Germany discovery of the Mössbauer effect
Mott, John R. 1946 peace U.S.
Mott, Sir Nevill F. 1977 physics U.K. contributions to understanding the behaviour of electrons in magnetic, noncrystalline solids
Mottelson, Ben R. 1975 physics Denmark work on the atomic nucleus that paved the way for nuclear fusion
Muller, Hermann Joseph 1946 physiology/medicine U.S. production of mutations by X-radiation
Müller, Karl Alex 1987 physics Switzerland discovery of new superconducting materials
Müller, Paul Hermann 1948 physiology/medicine Switzerland properties of DDT
Mulliken, Robert Sanderson 1966 chemistry U.S. work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules
Mullis, Kary B. 1993 chemistry U.S. invention of techniques for gene study and manipulation
Mundell, Robert A. 1999 economics Canada analysis of optimum currency areas and of policy under different exchange-rate regimes
Murad, Ferid 1998 physiology/medicine U.S. discovery that nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system
Murphy, William P. 1934 physiology/medicine U.S. discoveries concerning liver treatment for anemia
Murray, Joseph E. 1990 physiology/medicine U.S. development of kidney and bone marrow transplants
Myerson, Roger B. 2007 economics U.S. work that laid the foundations of mechanism design theory
Myrdal, Alva (Myrdal, Alva Reimer) 1982 peace Sweden
Myrdal, Gunnar 1974 economics Sweden pioneering analysis of the interdependence of economic, social, and institutional phenomena
Nambu, Yoichiro 2008 physics U.S. discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics
Nansen, Fridtjof 1922 peace Norway
Nansen International Office for Refugees 1938 peace (founded 1931)
Nash, John F. (Nash, John F., Jr.) 1994 economics U.S. development of game theory
Nathans, Daniel 1978 physiology/medicine U.S. discovery and application of enzymes that fragment DNA
Natta, Giulio 1963 chemistry Italy structure and synthesis of polymers in the field of plastics
Néel, Louis-Eugène-Félix 1970 physics France work in magnetohydrodynamics and in antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism
Neher, Erwin 1991 physiology/medicine Germany discovery of how cells communicate, as related to disease
Nernst, Walther Hermann 1920 chemistry Germany work in thermochemistry
Neruda, Pablo 1971 literature Chile poet
Nicolle, Charles-Jules-Henri 1928 physiology/medicine France work on typhus
Nirenberg, Marshall Warren 1968 physiology/medicine U.S. deciphering the genetic code
Noel-Baker (of the City of Derby), Philip John Noel-Baker, Baron (Noel-Baker, Philip John Noel-Baker, Baron) 1959 peace U.K.
Norrish, Ronald George Wreyford 1967 chemistry U.K. studies of extremely fast chemical reactions
North, Douglass C. 1993 economics U.S. contributions to economic history
Northrop, John Howard 1946 chemistry U.S. preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in pure form
Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane 1995 physiology/medicine Germany identification of genes that control the body's early structural development
Ochoa, Severo 1959 physiology/medicine U.S. work on producing nucleic acids artificially
Oe Kenzaburo (Ōe Kenzaburō) 1994 literature Japan novelist
Ohlin, Bertil 1977 economics Sweden contributions to the theory of international trade
Olah, George A. 1994 chemistry U.S. development of techniques to study hydrocarbon molecules
O'Neill, Eugene 1936 literature U.S. dramatist
Onsager, Lars 1968 chemistry U.S. work on the theory of thermodynamics of irreversible processes
Osheroff, Douglas D. 1996 physics U.S. discovery of superfluidity in the isotope helium-3
Ossietzky, Carl von 1935 peace Germany
Ostwald, Wilhelm 1909 chemistry Germany pioneer work on catalysis, chemical equilibrium, and reaction velocities
*Nationality given is the citizenship of recipient at the time award was made. Prizes may be withheld or not awarded in years when no worthy recipient can be found or when the world situation (e.g., World Wars I and II) prevents the gathering of information needed to reach a decision.
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