Notable Civil Engineering Projects 3

▪ Table

Notable Civil Engineering Projects (in work or completed, 2001)

 

Name Location   Year of completion Notes

Airports Terminal area (sq m)  

Incheon International (new airport) Incheon (Inchon), South Korea (near Seoul) 369,000 2001 Landfill between islands; opened March 22

Guangzhou Int'l (new replacement airport) Guangzhou (Canton), China 300,000 2002  

Pearson International Toronto, Ont., Canada 332,000 2003 New horseshoe-shaped terminal at Canada's busiest airport

Athens International (new airport) Spata, Greece 209,000 2001 Europe's biggest airport project; opened March 28

JFK Int'l (new Terminal 4) Queens, New York City, N.Y. 139,000 2001 Connected by 13-km light rail to Manhattan by 2003; opened May 24

Nong Ngu Hao (new int'l airport) Bangkok, Thailand ? 2004 Construction began December 2001

Aqueduct Length (m)  

Great Man-Made River (phase 2) Libyan interior to Tripoli area 1,650,000 2001 Phase 1 to Benghazi area (1983-93); phase 2 begun 1990

Bridges Length (main span; m)  

Carquinez (#3) Crockett, Calif.-Vallejo, Calif. 728 2003 Begun 2000; first major U.S. suspension bridge since 1965

Rion Antirion Patrai, Greece (across Gulf of Corinth) 560 2004 Multicable-stayed; complex deepwater foundations

San Francisco-Oakland Bay (East Span) Yerba Buena Is., Calif.-Oakland, Calif. 385 2006 2-km causeway + world's largest suspension bridge hung from single tower

William Natcher Owensboro, Ky.-near Rockport, Ind. 366 2002 To be longest cable-stayed bridge over U.S. inland waterway

Rosario-Victoria Rosario to Victoria, Argentina 350 2002 Bridges/viaducts across 59-km wide Paraná wetlands

Millau Viaduct Tarn Gorge, west of Millau, France 342 2004 8 cable-stayed spans; world's highest (285 m) road viaduct

Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Boston, Mass. 227 2002 Widest (56 m) cable-stayed bridge in world

Maria Valeria (cross-Danube link) Esztergom, Hungary-Sturovo, Slovakia 119 2001 Replication of 106-year-old bridge destroyed in 1944; opened Oct. 11

Kizuna Mekong River, near Kampong Cham, Cambodia ? 2001 First bridge across Mekong in Cambodia; opened December 4

Buildings Height (m)  

Lotte World Tower Busan (Pusan), South Korea 464.5 2005 Begun December 2000; will be world's tallest

Taipei Financial Center Taipei, Taiwan 448 2003 Begun 1999; will be world's second tallest to rooftop (with spire, 508 m)

Two International Finance Centre Hong Kong, China 412 2003 Begun 2000; to be world's fourth tallest building

Plaza Rakyat Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 382 2002 Will be tallest reinforced-concrete complex; seventh tallest overall

Migdal (Tower) Egged Tel Aviv, Israel 326 2006 Begun 2001

Trump World Tower New York City, N.Y. 262 2001 Tallest residential development in the world

Torre Generali Panama City, Panama 250 2003 Begun mid-2000; will be Latin America's tallest building

City Tower Birmingham, England 245 2004 Will be tallest building in the U.K.

Torre Mayor Mexico City, Mexico 225 2003 Will be tallest building in Mexico

Canal Length (m)  

Sheikh Zayed into bedrock of Lake Nasser, Egypt 72,000 2002 Feeds irrigation system for central Egypt oases

Dams Crest length (m)  

Birecik Dam Euphrates River, Turkey 2,507 2001 First major hydroelectric plant in Turkey

Three Gorges west of Yichang, China 1,983 2009 World's largest hydroelectric project; begun 1993

San Roque Multipurpose Agno River, Luzon, Philippines 1,100 2003 Irrigation and flood control; tallest earth-and-rock fill dam in Asia

Mohale (Lesotho Highlands Water Project, phase 1B) Senqunyane River, 100 km east of Maseru 700 2002 First transfer of water to South Africa in 1998, second transfer in 2003

Sardar Sarovar Project Narmada River, Madhya Pradesh, India ? ? Construction halted 1995, resumed 2000

Alqueva Dam Guadiana River, 180 km SE of Lisbon, Portugal ? 2002 Will create Europe's largest (250 sq km) reservoir; extends into Spain

Bakun Dam Balui River, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia ? 2006 Hydroelectricity to peninsular Malaysia via world's longest submarine cable

Highways Length (km)  

Indus Highway Karachi-Peshawar, Pakistan 1,265 ? 59% complete as of September 2001

Beijing-Shanghai Expressway or "Jinghu" Beijing-Shanghai, China 1,262 2000 Opened late December; construction began in 1987

Egnatia Motorway Ignoumenitsa-Thessaloniki, Greece 687 2006 First Greek highway at modern int'l standards; 70 tunnels

Railways (Heavy) Length (km)  

Qinghai-Tibet Golmud, Qinghai, China-Lhasa, Tibet, China 1,118 2007 Highest world rail (5,072 m at summit); half across permafrost

Guangdong-Hainan Zhangjiang, China-northern tip of Hainan at Haikou 568 2001 Rail with container ship to Hainan

Panama Canal Cristóbal-Balboa, Panama 89 2001 Rebuilt railroad for transcontinental container traffic

Kyongui (51-year-old reconnection) Munsan, S.Kor.-Kaesong, N.Kor. 24 2002? 6.8 km South Korean part complete as of September 2001

Railways (High Speed) Length (km)  

Spanish High Speed (second line) Madrid-Barcelona, Spain 760 2004 Madrid-Lleida to be completed by 2002

Kyongbu Seoul-Busan (Pusan), South Korea 323 2003 Connects largest and third largest cities

TGV Méditerranée Valence-Marseille, France (branch to Montpellier) 249 2001 Completes high-speed rail across France ("Calais to Marseille")

German High Speed (third line) Frankfurt-Cologne, Germany 226 2002 Connects Ruhr to Frankfurt International Airport

Italian High Speed (second line) Rome-Naples, Italy 222 2004 Begun 1994; part of planned 1,300-km high-speed network

Shanghai maglev ("magnetic levitation") Pudong Int'l airport-metro line 2, Shanghai, China 29.9 2003 World's first maglev train for public use; 430 km/h

Subways/Metros/Light Rails Length (km)  

Oporto Light Rail Oporto, Portugal 70.0 2003 Europe's largest total rail system project; first line opened in 2001

Hong Kong Railway (West Rail, phase 1) Western New Territories to Kowloon, Hong Kong 30.3 2003 5,500-m tunnel and viaduct

Los Angeles Metro (Blue Line ext.) L.A. Union Station to Pasadena, Calif. 22.0 2003  

Copenhagen Metro Copenhagen, Denmark 21.0 2002-05 Line 1: 2002; most extensive driverless system in world

Tren Urbano (phase 1) San Juan, P.R. 17.2 2003 Bayamón (western suburbs) to north San Juan; 60% elevated

Istanbul Metro (phase 2) Istanbul, Turkey 5.4 2001 Bridge link across Golden Horn; extends under historic city centre

Tunnels Length (m)  

Apennine Range tunnels (9) Bologna-Florence, Italy (high-speed railway) 66,000 2006 Begun 1996; longest tunnel, 18.6 km; tunnels to cover 90% of railway

Qinling between Xi'an and Ankang, China 18,457 2001 World's ninth largest railway tunnel

A86 Ring Road around Paris, France 17,700 2008 Two tunnels (to east [10,100 m], to west [7,600 m])

Södra Länken part of Stockholm, Sweden, ring road 16,600 2004 Complex underground interchanges

Pinglin Highway near Taipei, Taiwan 12,900 2003 Twin tunnels under Sheuhshan Range; Taipei-I-lan expressway link

Westerschelde Terneuzen to Ellewoutsdijk, Neth. 6,600 2003 Longest world tunnel in "bored weak soil"

Vestmannasund Subsea Tunnel Streym (Streymoy) and Vágar islands, Faroe Is. 4,700 2002 First subsea tunnel in the Faroe Islands

Urban Developments Area (ha)  

Putrajaya 25 km south of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4,581 2012 Planned national capital begun 1996; first staff moved in June 1999

Central Artery/Tunnel Boston, Mass. - 2004 Complex highway/tunnel/bridge project begun in 1991

See as table:

      1 m = 3.28 ft; 1 km = 0.62 mi; 1 ha = 2.47 ac

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