Estimated Roma Population of Europe: 1939, 1945, and 1998

Estimated Roma Population of Europe: 1939, 1945, and 1998

▪ Table
Estimated Roma Population of Europe: 1939, 1945, and 1998
Country 1939 1945 1998
Romania 300,000 (. . .)1 2,341,000
Yugoslavia 100,000 (. . .)2
Serbia and Montenegro 444,000
Macedonia 349,000
Croatia 57,000
Bosnia and Herzegovina 49,000
Slovenia 12,000
Bulgaria 80,000 (. . .)3 892,000
Spain & Portugal (. . .) (. . .)3 786,000
Czechoslovakia
Slovakia 80,000 (. . .)4 598,000
Czech Republic 10,000 c. 200-300 319,000
U.S.S.R. including 600,000-
Baltic States 207,000 (. . .)5 1,000,0006
Hungary 100,000 (. . .)7 585,000
France 40,000 c. 13,000 310,000
Greece (. . .) (. . .)3 183,000
Germany 18,800 0000008 123,000
Austria 11,200 0000008 23,000
Albania 20,000 (. . .)3 123,000
Italy 25,000 (. . .)3 97,000
British Isles (. . .) (. . .)3 89,000
Poland 20,000 c. 6, 000 77,000
Low Countries 1,200 (. . .)3 50,000
Scandinavia (. . .) (. . .)9 43,0009
Switzerland 4,200 (. . .)3 (. . .)
Total 1,017,400 c. 417,000- 8,150,000-
797,000 8,550,000
(. . . ) - insufficient data
● 1No outright extermination policy, but tens of thousands met their death through expulsion.
● 2Unknown number of 30,000 Croatian and Bosnian Roma murdered at Jasenovac concentration camp, Croatia.
● 3Roma population not deported.
● 4Hundreds of Roma murdered in pogromlike rampages by fascists.
● 5Many nomadic Roma murdered by Nazi secret army field police; sedentary Roma treated as citizens of country.
● 6International Federation for Human Rights, The Roma of Russia (November 2004); estimate is for all countries of the former Soviet Union.
● 731,000 deported to camps; 3,000 returned from camps.
● 8Combined total for Germany and Austria in 1945 was c. 7,000.
● 9Excludes Norway.
Principal sources: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (for 1939 data), Encyclopedia of the Holocaust (for most 1945 data), European Roma Rights Centre (for most 1998 data). Note: 1998 population estimates of the European Roma Rights Centre are higher than most official country census estimates.
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