Southworth, Emma

▪ American author

née Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte, also called Mrs. E.d.e.n. Southworth

born Dec. 26, 1819, Washington, D.C., U.S.

died June 30, 1899, Georgetown, Washington, D.C.

      one of the most popular of the 19th-century American sentimental novelists. For more than 50 years, her sentimental domestic novels reached a wide audience in the United States and Europe.

      After teaching school for five years, Emma Nevitte married Frederick Southworth, an itinerant inventor. When the couple separated in 1844, she turned to writing to support her family. Her first novel, Retribution (1849), sold 200,000 copies. Southworth went on to write 66 more novels, many of them first published serially in such magazines as the Saturday Evening Post and the New York Ledger. Her stories contributed two new character types to American fiction: the self-made man and the independent woman; her works also relied on sentimental plots of the Gothic genre that reflected prevailing values of piety and domesticity.

      Emma Southworth's Ishmael (1876) and its sequel, Self-Raised (1876), were both huge successes. Among her other successful novels were The Curse of Clifton (1852), The Hidden Hand (1859), and The Fatal Marriage (1863).

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