Mount Cenis Tunnel

Mount Cenis Tunnel

▪ railway tunnel, Europe
      first great Alpine tunnel to be completed. It lies under the Fréjus Pass, from Modane, France, to Bardonècchia, Italy. The 8.5-mile (13.7-kilometre) rail tunnel, driven from two headings from 1857 to 1871, was constructed under the direction of Germain Sommeiller (Sommeiller, Germain), and it pioneered several techniques, notably the use of dynamite in rock blasting, an improved rock drill invented by Sommeiller, and compressed-air machinery developed by Daniel Colladon of Geneva. Mount Cenis was the first long-distance rock tunnel driven from two headings with no intervening shafts and as such remains a landmark engineering achievement. Running roughly parallel with it is the Fréjus Tunnel (8 miles [12.9 km] long), which was completed in 1980 and carries automobile traffic.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Cenis, Mount — ▪ mountain, Europe French  Mont Cenis,  Italian  Monte Censio, or Moncensio,         massif and pass over the French Alps to Italy, Savoie département, southeastern France, northeast of Briançon and west of the Italian city of Turin. The pass, an …   Universalium

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  • Fréjus Rail Tunnel — The Fréjus Rail Tunnel (also called Mont Cenis Tunnel) is a rail tunnel of 13.7 km (8.5 mi) length in the European Alps, carrying the Turin–Modane railway through Mount Cenis to an end on connection with the Culoz–Modane railway and… …   Wikipedia

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  • Sommeiller, Germain — ▪ French engineer born March 15, 1815, Saint Jeoire, Fr. died July 11, 1871, Saint Jeoire       French engineer who built the Mount Cenis (Mount Cenis Tunnel) (Fréjus) Tunnel (tunnels and underground excavations) in the Alps, the world s first… …   Universalium

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  • explosive — explosively, adv. explosiveness, n. /ik sploh siv/, adj. 1. tending or serving to explode: an explosive temper; Nitroglycerin is an explosive substance. 2. pertaining to or of the nature of an explosion: explosive violence. 3. likely to lead to… …   Universalium

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