Katzir, Ephraim

Katzir, Ephraim

▪ president of Israel
original name  Ephraim Katchalski  
born May 16, 1916, Kiev, Ukraine, Russian Empire [now in Ukraine]

      Russian-born scientist and politician who was the fourth president of Israel (1973–78).

      Katzir moved with his family to Palestine when he was nine years old. After graduating from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, he became an assistant in the university's department of theoretical and macromolecular chemistry (1941–45). During this period he was also a research fellow at Columbia University in the United States and was active in the preindependence Jewish underground army, Haganah, to which he became scientific adviser. In 1949 he was appointed acting head of the department of biophysics in the Weizmann Institute of Science at Reḥovot, later becoming its director. A recognized authority on proteins, he was the first Israeli elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (1966). From 1966 to 1968 he was chief scientific adviser to the Israeli Ministry of Defense.

      Katzir was a member of the ruling Labour Party (Israel Labour Party), and in 1973 he was elected president of Israel in a secret ballot of the Knesset (parliament). Although he had held no political office before, and despite the fact that his presidency bestowed no executive power, he did not remain silent on affairs of state. He attempted to close the wide gap that existed in education and social welfare between Sephardic (Sephardi) and Oriental Jews and Ashkenazic (Ashkenazi) Jews and to promote understanding between Israeli Jews and their Arab neighbours. After leaving office in 1978, Katzir returned to teaching and scientific research.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Katzir, Ephraim — (formerly Katchalski) (1916 )    Israel s fourth president (1973 78). Born in Kiev, Russia, on 16 May 1916, he was brought to Palestine by his parents in 1922 and was educated at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he received his master s… …   Historical Dictionary of Israel

  • Katzir, Ephraim — (b. 1916)    The brother of Aharon Katzir, he went to Palestine as a child. He graduated from the Hebrew University and from 1951 was professor and head of the biophysics department at the Weizmann Institute of Science. He received the Israel… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

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  • Katzir — Ephraim Katzir. Ephraim Katzir (hebräisch ‏אפרים קציר‎; eigentlich Katchalsky, * 16. Mai 1916 in Bielsk, Russland) ist ein israelischer Naturwissenschaftler (Biophysiker) und Politiker der Mapai („Israelische Arbeitspartei“). Von 1973 bis 1978… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Ephraïm Katzir — (en hébreu אפרים קציר, né Ephraïm Katchalsky, le 16 mai 1916 à Kiev, Ukraine est mort le 30 mai 2009. Scientifique et homme politique, il fut le quatrième président d Israël du …   Wikipédia en Français

  • KATZIR (Katchalski), AHARON — (1913–1972), Israeli biochemist and biophysicist. Born in Kiev, Russia, he immigrated to Ereẓ Israel in 1925 with his family, which included his brother Ephraim, who later became the fourth president of the State of Israel (see ). He studied… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Ephraim Katzir — (1977) Ephraim Katzir (hebräisch ‏אפרים קציר‎; eigentlich Ephraim Katchalski[1]; * 16. Mai 1916 in Kiew; † 30. Mai 2009 in Rechowot …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • KATZIR (Katchalski), EPHRAIM — (1916– ), fourth president of the State of Israel (1973–78); biochemist and biophysicist. Born in Kiev, Russia, Katchalski was taken to Ereẓ Israel in 1925. He studied life sciences at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and completed his… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Ephraim — (1842–44) von Francesco Hayez Ephraim ist ein männlicher Vorname, der auf die Tradition des biblischen Stammes Ephraim zurückgeht. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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