Gallup, George Horace

Gallup, George Horace

▪ American pollster
born November 18, 1901, Jefferson, Iowa, U.S.
died July 26, 1984, Tschingel, Switzerland

      American public-opinion (public opinion) statistician whose Gallup Poll became almost synonymous with public-opinion surveys. Gallup helped to advance the public's trust in survey research in 1936 when he, Elmo Roper (Roper, Elmo), and Archibald Crossley, acting independently but using similar sampling methods, accurately forecast the victory of Franklin D. Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Franklin D.) over Alfred M. Landon (Landon, Alf) in the U.S. presidential election. His work with public-opinion surveys altered both political campaigns and corporate marketing.

      Gallup taught journalism at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa, and at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, until 1932, when he was hired by an advertising firm in New York City to conduct public-opinion surveys on behalf of its clients. In addition to serving as a professor at Columbia University's Pulitzer School of Journalism (1935–37), he founded the American Institute of Public Opinion (1935), the British Institute of Public Opinion (1936), and the Audience Research Institute, Inc. (1939). Along with other pollsters, Gallup incorrectly predicted the defeat of President Harry S. Truman (Truman, Harry S.) in the U.S. presidential election of 1948, in large part because he chose—despite the presence of a large percentage of undecided voters—to discontinue polling two weeks before the election, since his early polls indicated a large lead for Truman's challenger, Thomas Dewey (Dewey, Thomas E.). Afterward, Gallup concluded that undecided voters tend disproportionately to favour incumbents.

      Gallup wrote several books, including The Pulse of Democracy (1940) and The Sophisticated Poll Watcher's Guide (1972). He also founded Quill and Scroll, an international honour society for high-school journalists.

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  • Gallup,George Horace — Gal·lup (gălʹəp), George Horace. 1901 1984. American public opinion analyst. Through his techniques of polling the public, he accurately predicted the outcome of the 1936 presidential election. Gallup polls have been used regularly ever since. *… …   Universalium

  • Gallup, George (Horace) — born Nov. 18, 1901, Jefferson, Iowa, U.S. died July 26, 1984, Tschingel, Switz. U.S. public opinion statistician. He taught journalism at Drake University and Northwestern University until 1932, when a New York advertising firm hired him to… …   Universalium

  • Gallup, George (Horace) — (18 nov. 1901, Jefferson, Iowa, EE.UU.– 26 jul. 1984, Tschingel, Suiza). Estadístico estadounidense experto en opinión pública. Enseñó periodismo en las universidades de Drake y Northwestern hasta 1932, cuando una empresa publicitaria de Nueva… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • George Gallup — George Horace Gallup (November 18, 1901 – July 26, 1984) was an American pioneer of survey sampling techniques and inventor of the Gallup poll, a successful statistical method of survey sampling for measuring public opinion.LifeGallup was born… …   Wikipedia

  • George Gallup — George Horace Gallup (* 18. November 1901 in Jefferson (Iowa); † 26. Juli 1984 in Tschingel, Schweiz) war ein amerikanischer Pionier der Markt und Meinungsforschung. Er kam aus dem Bereich Journalismus und Werbung, bevor er sich der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • gallup — ● gallup nom masculin (de Gallup, nom propre) Synonyme vieilli de sondage d opinion. ● gallup (synonymes) nom masculin (de Gallup, nom propre) Synonymes : sondage d opinion Gallup (George Horace) (1901 1984) statisticien américain. Il est le… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • George — George, David Lloyd George, Henry George, Pierre George, Stefan * * * (as used in expressions) Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, 4 conde de George William Russell Akerlof, George A. Alexander, Harold (Rupert Leofric George) Alexander, 1 conde… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • George Gallup — Para otros usos de este término, véase Gallup. George Gallup. George Horace Gallup (Jefferson, Iowa, 18 de noviembre de 1901 Thun, 26 de julio de 1984) fue un periodista, matemático y estadístico estadounidense. Fundó …   Wikipedia Español

  • Horace — /hawr is, hor /, n. 1. (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) 65 8 B.C., Roman poet and satirist. 2. a male given name. * * * I orig. Quintus Horatius Flaccus born December 65, Venusia died Nov. 27, 8 BC, Rome Latin lyric poet and satirist. The son of a… …   Universalium

  • Horace — (as used in expressions) Bond, (Horace) Julian Gallup, George (Horace) Greeley, Horace Hooper, Horace Everett Mann, Horace Pippin, Horace Schacht, (Horace Greeley) Hjalmar Silver, Horace Walpole, Horace, 4 conde de Orford …   Enciclopedia Universal

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