Bethe, Hans Albrecht

Bethe, Hans Albrecht
▪ 2006

      German American theoretical physicist (b. July 2, 1906, Strassburg, Ger. [now Strasbourg, France]—d. March 6, 2005, Ithaca, N.Y.), was the head of the Theoretical Physics Division of the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, N.M., which designed and built the first atomic bomb, and the recipient of the 1967 Nobel Prize for Physics for his research on the production of energy in stars. Bethe received his doctorate in 1928 from the University of Munich. Following appointments at several European universities, including a post working with Enrico Fermi in Rome, Bethe in 1935 accepted a position with Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., where he remained, except for wartime leave, until his retirement in 1975. Bethe became a U.S. citizen in 1941, shortly before the U.S. entered World War II. Following his reading in the Encyclopædia Britannica that the armour-piercing qualities of grenades were not well understood, he formulated a theory that became the foundation for research on the problem. His work on the subject was quickly classified, and he earned a security clearance to work on radar development at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology before moving on to Los Alamos. Bethe's main research interest to this point had been atomic nuclei. In particular, in 1938 he had discovered the main sequence of stellar nuclear chain reactions, and his contributions to the construction of the first atomic bomb were considerable. Bethe was a longtime director of and contributor to The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, a publication devoted to informing the world about the dangers of nuclear war. During the 1980s he was a vociferous opponent of the Strategic Defense Initiative, or “Star Wars.” Bethe was awarded the Max Planck Medal in 1955 and the Atomic Energy Commission's Enrico Fermi Award in 1961.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • BETHE, HANS ALBRECHT — (1906–2005), nuclear physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in physics (1967). Bethe was born in Strasbourg, Alsace Lorraine. He studied physics at Frankfurt am Main University and received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics at Munich University in… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Bethe,Hans Albrecht — Be·the (bāʹtə), Hans Albrecht. Born 1906. German born American physicist. He won a 1967 Nobel Prize for research on the energy production of stars. * * * …   Universalium

  • Bethe , Hans Albrecht — (1906–) German–American physicist Bethe, the son of an academic, was born in Strasbourg in France and educated at the universities of Frankfurt and Munich, where he obtained his doctorate in 1928. He taught in Germany until 1933 when he moved… …   Scientists

  • Bethe, Hans (Albrecht) — born July 2, 1906, Strassburg, Ger. German born U.S. theoretical physicist. He fled Germany in 1933 and taught at Cornell University (1937–75). He showed how the electric field surrounding an atom in a crystal affects the atom s energy states,… …   Universalium

  • Bethe, Hans (Albrecht) — (2 jul. 1906, Estrasburgo, Alemania–6 mar. 2005, Ithaca, N.Y., EE.UU.). Físico teórico estadounidense nacido en Alemania. Huyó de Alemania en 1933 y enseñó en la Universidad de Cornell (1937–75). Demostró cómo el campo eléctrico que rodea a un… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Hans Albrecht Bethe — (* 2. Juli 1906 in Straßburg; † 6. März 2005 in Ithaca, New York) war ein deutsch US amerikanischer Physiker und Nobelpreisträger für Physik (1967). Hans Bethe …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hans Albrecht Bethe — Hans Bethe Hans Bethe Hans Albrecht Bethe est un physicien américain d origine allemande, né le 2 juillet 1906 à Strasbourg alors allemande et mort le 6 mars 2005 à Ithaca dans l état de New York …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bethe, Hans — ▪ American physicist Introduction in full  Hans Albrecht Bethe  born July 2, 1906, Strassburg, Ger. [now Strasbourg, France] died March 6, 2005, Ithaca, N.Y., U.S.  German born American theoretical physicist who helped shape quantum physics… …   Universalium

  • Hans Albrecht Bethe — noun United States physicist (born in Germany) noted for research in astrophysics and nuclear physics (1906 2005) • Syn: ↑Bethe, ↑Hans Bethe • Instance Hypernyms: ↑nuclear physicist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Physiknobelpreis 1967: Hans Albrecht Bethe —   Der deutsch amerikanische Forscher wurde für seine Beiträge zur Theorie der Kernreaktionen, insbesondere seine Entdeckungen bezüglich der Energieerzeugung in Sternen, ausgezeichnet.    Biografie   Hans Albrecht Bethe, * Straßburg 2. 7. 1907;… …   Universal-Lexikon

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”