Lavoisier, Antoine (-Laurent)
- Lavoisier, Antoine (-Laurent)
-
born Aug. 26, 1743, Paris, France
died May 8, 1794, Paris
French chemist, regarded as the father of modern chemistry.
His work on combustion, oxidation (see
oxidation-reduction), and
gases (especially those in
air) overthrew the phlogiston doctrine, which held that a component of matter (
phlogiston) was given off by a substance in the process of combustion. That theory had held sway for a century. He formulated the principle of the conservation of
mass (i.e., that the weights of the reactants must add up to the weights of the products) in
chemical reactions, clarified the distinction between
elements and
compounds, and was instrumental in devising the modern system of chemical nomenclature (naming oxygen,
hydrogen, and
carbon). He was among the first to use quantitative procedures in chemical investigations, and his experimental ingenuity, exact methods, and cogent reasoning, along with the resultant discoveries, revolutionized chemistry. He also worked on physical problems, especially heat, and on fermentation, respiration, and animals. Independently wealthy, he had a simultaneous career as a public servant of remarkable versatility in areas including finance, economics, agriculture, education, and social welfare. A reformer and political liberal, he was active in the
French Revolution but came under increasing attack from extremists and was guillotined.
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Universalium.
2010.
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Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent — • Chemist, philosopher, economist (1743 1794) Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 … Catholic encyclopedia
Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent — ▪ French chemist Introduction born August 26, 1743, Paris, France died May 8, 1794, Paris prominent French chemist and leading figure in the 18th century chemical revolution who developed an experimentally based theory of the chemical reactivity … Universalium
Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent de — (1743 1794) chemist Considered the founder of modern chemistry, Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier was born in Paris and was educated at the Collège Mazarin. He served as one of the farmers general and held several other public offices, including … France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present
Lavoisier,Antoine Laurent — La·voi·sier (lə vwäʹzē ā , lä vwä zyāʹ), Antoine Laurent. 1743 1794. French chemist who is regarded as the founder of modern chemistry. He isolated the major components of air, disproved the phlogiston theory by determining the role of oxygen in… … Universalium
Lavoisier , Antoine Laurent — (1743–1794) French chemist Lavoisier is regarded as the founder of modern chemistry. Born in Paris, he studied both law and science, but after graduating concentrated his attention on science. He invested his money in a private tax collecting… … Scientists
Lavoisier, Antoine — Lavoisier , Antoine Laurent … Scientists
Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent de — ► (1743 94) Químico francés. Es considerado uno de los creadores de la química moderna. En 1768 fue nombrado miembro de la Académie des Sciences. Enunció la ley de la conservación de la materia, descubrió el oxígeno y realizó la síntesis del aire … Enciclopedia Universal
Lavoisier, Antoine (-Laurent) — (26 ago. 1743, París, Francia–8 may. 1794, París). Químico francés, considerado el padre de la química moderna. Su trabajo sobre la combustión, oxidación (ver oxidación reducción) y los gases (en especial aquellos en el aire) derrumbó la doctrina … Enciclopedia Universal
LAVOISIER, ANTOINE LAURENT — one of the founders of modern chemistry, born in Paris; to prosecute his researches accepted the post of farmer general in 1769, introduced in 1776 improvements in manufacturing gunpowder, discovered the composition of the air and the nature… … The Nuttall Encyclopaedia
Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier — Antoine Lavoisier Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier (* 26. August 1743 in Paris; † 8. Mai 1794 ebenda) war ein französischer Chemiker und gilt als einer der Väter der modernen Chemie. Inhaltsverzeichnis … Deutsch Wikipedia