Kölreuter, Josef Gottlieb

Kölreuter, Josef Gottlieb
born April 27, 1733, Sulz, Württemberg
died Nov. 12, 1806, Karlsruhe, Baden

German botanist.

A pioneer in the study of plant hybrids, he was the first to develop a scientific application of the discovery (made in 1694 by Rudolph Camerarius) of sex in plants. Cultivating plants in order to study their fertilization and development, he performed experiments, particularly with the tobacco plant, that included artificial fertilization and the production of fertile hybrids between plants of different species. His results foreshadowed the work of Gregor Mendel. Kölreuter recognized the importance of insects and wind as agents of pollen transfer. He applied Carolus Linnaeus's sexual system of classification to lower plant forms. His work was not recognized until long after his death.

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▪ German botanist
born April 27, 1733, Sulz, Württemberg [Germany]
died Nov. 12, 1806, Karlsruhe, Baden

      German botanist who was a pioneer in the study of plant hybrids. He was first to develop a scientific application of the discovery, made in 1694 by the German botanist Rudolph Jacob Camerarius, of sex in plants.

      Kölreuter was educated at the universities of Berlin and Leipzig, and at Tübingen, where he received his medical degree. Beginning in 1761 he published a series of papers on sex in plants and became a professor of natural history and curator of the Botanical Gardens at Karlsruhe (1764). Cultivating plants with the purpose of studying their fertilization and development, he performed experiments, particularly with the tobacco plant (Nicotiana), that included artificial fertilization and the production of fertile hybrids between plants of different species. The experimental results he obtained foreshadowed the work of the Austrian biologist Gregor Johann Mendel. Kölreuter recognized the importance of insects and wind as agents of pollen transfer in plant fertilization. He applied the sexual system of classification of the Swedish botanist and naturalist Carolus Linnaeus to lower plant forms. His work was not recognized or appreciated until long after his death.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Kölreuter, Josef Gottlieb — (27 abr. 1733, Sulz, Württemberg–12 nov. 1806, Karlsruhe, Baden). Botánico alemán. Pionero en el estudio de híbridos vegetales. Fue el primero en desarrollar una aplicación científica para el descubrimiento del sexo en las plantas (realizado en… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Josef Gottlieb Kölreuter — Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter (* 27. April 1733 in Sulz am Neckar; † 11. November 1806 in Karlsruhe), auch Koelreuter oder Kohlreuter, war ein deutscher Botaniker und Professor für Naturgeschichte sowie Direktor der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Josef Gottlieb Koelreuter — Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter (* 27. April 1733 in Sulz am Neckar; † 11. November 1806 in Karlsruhe), auch Koelreuter oder Kohlreuter, war ein deutscher Botaniker und Professor für Naturgeschichte sowie Direktor der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Josef — (as used in expressions) Albers Josef Bruckner Josef Anton Karl Franz Josef Conrad von Hötzendorf Franz Xaver Josef Count Cuno Wilhelm Carl Josef Dobrovský Josef Franz Josef Franz Josef Land Hoffmann Josef Kölreuter Josef Gottlieb Mengele Josef… …   Universalium

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