Chain, Sir Ernst Boris

Chain, Sir Ernst Boris
born June 19, 1906, Berlin, Ger.
died Aug. 12, 1979, Ire.

German-born British biochemist.

With Howard Walter Florey he isolated and purified penicillin and performed the first clinical trials of the antibiotic. For their pioneering work, Chain, Florey, and Alexander Fleming shared a 1945 Nobel Prize. In addition to his work on antibiotics, Chain studied snake venoms, the spreading factor (an enzyme that aids the dispersal of fluids in tissue), and insulin. He was knighted in 1969.

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▪ British biochemist
born June 19, 1906, Berlin, Ger.
died Aug. 12, 1979, Mulrany, Ireland
 German-born British biochemist who, with pathologist Howard Walter Florey (Florey, Howard Walter Florey, Baron) (later Baron Florey), isolated and purified penicillin (which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (Fleming, Sir Alexander)) and performed the first clinical trials of the antibiotic. For their pioneering work on penicillin Chain, Florey, and Fleming shared the 1945 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

      Chain graduated in chemistry and physiology from the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin and then engaged in research at the Institute of Pathology, Charité Hospital, Berlin (1930–33). Forced to flee Germany because of the anti-Semitic policies of Adolf Hitler, he went first to the University of Cambridge, working under Sir Frederick G. Hopkins, and then (1935) to the University of Oxford, where he worked with Florey on penicillin.

      Chain served as the director of the International Research Centre for Chemical Microbiology, Superior Institute of Health, Rome, from 1948 until 1961. He then joined the faculty of Imperial College, University of London, where he was professor of biochemistry (1961–73), professor emeritus and senior research fellow (1973–76), and fellow (1978–79). Chain was knighted in 1969.

      In addition to his work on antibiotics, Chain studied snake venoms; the spreading factor, an enzyme that facilitates the dispersal of fluids in tissue; and insulin.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Chain,Sir Ernst Boris — Chain (chān), Sir Ernst Boris. 1906 1979. German born British biochemist. He isolated and purified penicillin; for this achievement he shared a 1945 Nobel Prize with Sir Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin in 1928. * * * …   Universalium

  • Chain, Sir Ernst Boris — (19 jun. 1906, Berlín, Alemania–12 ago. 1979, Irlanda). Bioquímico británico de origen alemán. Junto con Howard Walter Florey aisló y purificó la penicilina y realizó los primeros ensayos clínicos con el antibiótico. En 1945, Chain, Florey y… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Sir Ernst Boris Chain — noun British biochemist (born in Germany) who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1906 1979) • Syn: ↑Chain, ↑Ernst Boris Chain • Instance Hypernyms: ↑biochemist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Ernst Boris Chain — noun British biochemist (born in Germany) who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1906 1979) • Syn: ↑Chain, ↑Sir Ernst Boris Chain • Instance Hypernyms: ↑biochemist …   Useful english dictionary

  • Ernst Boris Chain — Sir Ernst Boris Chain (19 juin 1906 12 août 1979) était un biochimiste allemand, naturalisé britannique qui fut en 1945 colauréat avec Alexander Fleming et Howard Florey du prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine pour son travail sur la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ernst Boris Chain — Infobox Scientist name = Sir Ernst Boris Chain box width = image width =150px caption = Ernst Boris Chain birth date = June 19, 1906 birth place = Berlin death date = August 12, 1979 death place = residence = citizenship = British nationality =… …   Wikipedia

  • Ernst Boris Chain — Berliner Gedenktafel in Berlin Moabit (Turmstr. 22, im „Haus der Gesundheit“) Sir Ernst Boris Chain (* 19. Juni 1906 in Berlin; † 12. August 1979 in Castlebar, Irland) war ein deutsch britischer Biochemiker und Bakt …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ernst Chain — Ernst Boris Chain Ernst Boris Chain. Sir Ernst Boris Chain (19 juin 1906 12 août 1979) était un biochimiste juif allemand, naturalisé britannique qui fut en 1945 co lauréat avec Fleming et Florey du Prix Nobel d …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ernst — Ernst, Max Ernst, Richard Robert * * * (as used in expressions) Ackermann, Konrad Ernst Alexanderson, Ernst F(rederik) W(erner) Arndt, Ernst Moritz Baer, Karl Ernst, caballero de Barlach, Ernst Bergman, (Ernst) Ingmar Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Chain — /chayn/, n. Sir Ernst Boris /errnst, ernst/, 1906 79, English biochemist, born in Germany: Nobel prize for medicine 1945. * * * (as used in expressions) chain silicate Pennine Chain chain drive chain mail chain reaction Chain Sir Ernst Boris food …   Universalium

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