LISP

LISP
/lisp/, n. Computers.
a high-level programming language that processes data in the form of lists: widely used in artificial intelligence applications.
[lis(t) p(rocessing)]

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Powerful computer programming language designed for manipulating lists of data or symbols rather than processing numerical data, used extensively in artificial-intelligence applications.

It was developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s by a group headed by John McCarthy at MIT. Its name derives from "list processor." Radically different from such other programming languages as ALGOL, C, C++, FORTRAN, and Pascal, it requires large memory space and is slow in executing programs.

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in full  list processing 

      a computer programming language developed about 1960 by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). LISP was founded on the mathematical theory of recursive functions (in which a function appears in its own definition). A LISP program is a function applied to data, rather than being a sequence of procedural steps as in FORTRAN and Algol. LISP uses a very simple notation in which operations and their operands are given in a parenthesized list. For example, (+ a (* b c)) stands for a + b*c. Although this appears awkward, the notation works well for computers. LISP also uses the list structure to represent data, and, because programs and data use the same structure, it is easy for a LISP program to operate on other programs as data.

      LISP became a common language for artificial intelligence (AI) programming, partly owing to the confluence of LISP and AI work at MIT and partly because AI programs capable of “learning” could be written in LISP as self-modifying programs. LISP has evolved through numerous dialects, such as Scheme and Common LISP.

David Hemmendinger
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • LISP — 〈EDV; Abk. für engl.〉 List Processing Language, eine höhere Programmiersprache, verbreitet zur Be u. Verarbeitung von Listen u. im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz * * * LISP   [Kurzwort aus englisch list processing language], Informatik: von… …   Universal-Lexikon

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  • Lisp — Lisp, v. t. 1. To pronounce with a lisp. [1913 Webster] 2. To utter with imperfect articulation; to express with words pronounced imperfectly or indistinctly, as a child speaks; hence, to express by the use of simple, childlike language. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • lisp´er — lisp «lihsp», verb, noun. –v.i. 1. to use the sound of th in thin and then instead of the sound of s in bus and is when speaking: »A person who lisps might say, “Thing a thong of thixpenth” for “Sing a song of sixpence.” …   Useful english dictionary

  • Lisp — Lisp, n. The habit or act of lisping. See {Lisp}, v. i., 1. [1913 Webster] I overheard her answer, with a very pretty lisp, O! Strephon, you are a dangerous creature. Tatler. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • lisp — [lısp] n [singular] [: Old English; Origin: wlyspian] a fault in the way someone speaks which makes them pronounce s sounds as th ▪ She speaks with a slight lisp. >lisp v [I and T] …   Dictionary of contemporary English

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