Joseph I

Joseph I
1678-1711, king of Hungary 1687-1711; king of Germany 1690-1711; emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 1705-11 (son of Leopold I).

* * *

▪ Holy Roman emperor
born July 26, 1678, Vienna, Austria
died April 17, 1711, Vienna

      Holy Roman emperor from 1705, who unsuccessfully fought to retain the Spanish crown for the House of Habsburg.

      The eldest son of the emperor Leopold I, Joseph became king of Hungary in 1687 and king of the Romans, the imperial successor-designate, in 1690. When Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg, died in 1700, Joseph supported the candidacy of his own younger brother Charles (the future emperor Charles VI) against the French king Louis XIV's grandson Philip (later Philip V of Spain). During the long War of the Spanish Succession (Spanish Succession, War of the) (1701–14), Joseph succeeded to the imperial throne, in May 1705. He reorganized Austria's chaotic finances and converted the Viennese city bank into a state institution, measures that made Austria better able to finance its military struggle, though it continued to depend on foreign subsidies. Joseph's brilliant commander Prince Eugene Of Savoy led Austria's armies to victory in Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, but new enemies constantly threatened his domains. A revolt in Hungary, fomented by Louis XIV and led by Ferenc II Rákóczi, was not finally suppressed until after Joseph's death. In 1707 the Emperor narrowly avoided war with Charles XII of Sweden, who had violated Austrian territory during his struggle with Frederick Augustus I of Saxony (Augustus II the Strong as king of Poland). In 1708 a conflict between the Emperor and the Pope reached a climax when Clement XI recognized Philip as king of Spain. Austrian troops attacked the Papal States until the Pope again supported the Habsburg cause in 1709. The Emperor's sudden death in 1711 deprived the Habsburgs of the Spanish succession, since the European powers would not countenance a revival of Charles V's global empire under Joseph's brother and successor, Charles VI.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Joseph — Joseph …   Deutsch Wörterbuch

  • JOSEPH — (Heb. יְהוֹסֵף, יוֹסֵף), son of jacob and Rachel. He was born in Paddan Aram after his mother had been barren for seven years (Gen. 29:20, 30; 30:22–24, 25; 31:41). Nothing is related of his childhood. Joseph and His Brothers At the age of 17… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Joseph — • The eleventh son of Jacob, the firstborn of Rachel, and the immediate ancestor of the tribes of Manasses and Ephraim Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Joseph     Joseph      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Joseph I. — Joseph oder auch Josef hießen folgende Herrscher: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Joseph I./II. 2 Joseph + weitere Namen 3 Kirchliche Herrscher 4 Nichtregenten // …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Joseph II — Joseph oder auch Josef hießen folgende Herrscher: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Joseph I./II. 2 Joseph + weitere Namen 3 Kirchliche Herrscher 4 Nichtregenten // …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • joseph — ● joseph nom masculin (de Joseph Montgolfier, nom propre) Type de papier filtre. Joseph selon la Genèse, patriarche hébreu, 11e fils de Jacob et prem. fils de Rachel. Vendu par ses frères, il devint intendant de Putiphar, officier du pharaon puis …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Joseph II — d Autriche Joseph II Empereur des Romains …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Joseph II — • German Emperor (reigned 1765 90), of the House of Hapsburg Lorraine, son and successor of Maria Theresa and Francis I Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Joseph II     Joseph II …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Joseph — may refer to:People with the name Joseph: * Joseph (name), about the given name * Joseph (surname), for people with the last name Joseph * Jose, shortened name * Saint Joseph (disambiguation), for saints named Joseph * Joseph (Hebrew Bible) *… …   Wikipedia

  • JOSEPH — JOSEPH, pioneer family in Canadian business and Jewish life. The Canadian Jewish branch of the Joseph family (some converted to Catholicism and others intermarried with Protestants) was founded by HENRY JOSEPH (1775–1832), a nephew of Aaron Hart …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • JOSEPH II° — (1741–1790), king of Germany (1764–90) and Holy Roman emperor (1765–90); co regent with his mother, maria theresa , until her death in 1780. Although educated in the spirit of the Enlightenment, he nevertheless remained a practicing Roman… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”