glycolysis

glycolysis
/gluy kol"euh sis/, n. Biochem.
the catabolism of carbohydrates, as glucose and glycogen, by enzymes, with the release of energy and the production of lactic or pyruvic acid.
[1890-95; GLYCO- + -LYSIS]

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or glycolytic pathway or Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway

Sequence of 10 chemical reactions taking place in most cells that breaks down glucose, releasing energy that is then captured and stored in ATP.

One molecule of glucose (plus coenzymes and inorganic phosphate) makes two molecules of pyruvate (or pyruvic acid) and two molecules of ATP. The pyruvate enters into the tricarboxylic acid cycle if enough oxygen is present or is fermented into lactic acid or ethanol if not. Thus, glycolysis produces both ATP for cellular energy requirements and building blocks for synthesis of other cellular products. See also Gustav Georg Embden, Otto Meyerhof.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • glycolysis — glycolysis. См. гликолиз. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • glycolysis — (n.) 1892, from GLYCO (Cf. glyco ) + Gk. lysis (see LYSIS (Cf. lysis)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • glycolysis — [glī käl′i sis] n. [ GLYCO + LYSIS] a complex series of cellular biochemical reactions, not requiring oxygen, that splits glucose, glycogen, or other carbohydrates into pyruvic, or lactic, acid while storing energy in ATP molecules glycolytic… …   English World dictionary

  • Glycolysis — See also: Gluconeogenesis, which carries out a process wherein glucose is synthesized rather than catabolized. Glycolysis is the sequence of reactions that converts glucose into pyruvate with the concomitant production of a relatively small… …   Wikipedia

  • glycolysis — The energy yielding conversion of d glucose to lactic acid (instead of pyruvate oxidation products) in various tissues, notably muscle, when sufficient oxygen is not available (as in an emergency situation); since molecular oxygen is not consumed …   Medical dictionary

  • glycolysis — n. the conversion of glucose, by a series of ten enzyme catalysed reactions, to lactic acid. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells and the first nine reactions (converting glucose to pyruvate) form the first stage of cellular… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • glycolysis — A process in which glucose (sugar) is partially broken down by cells in enzyme reactions that do not need oxygen. Glycolysis is one method that cells use to produce energy. When glycolysis is linked with other enzyme reactions that use oxygen,… …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • glycolysis — glikolizė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Fermentinis anaerobinis sacharidų skaidymas. atitikmenys: angl. glycolysis rus. гликолиз …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • glycolysis — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: 1892 the enzymatic breakdown of a carbohydrate (as glucose) by way of phosphate derivatives with the production of pyruvic or lactic acid and energy stored in high energy phosphate bonds of ATP • glycolytic… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • glycolysis — n. [Gr. glykys, sweet; lyein, to break up] The enzymatic breakdown of glucose to lactic acid or pyruvic acid with the release of energy in the form of high energy phosphate bonds …   Dictionary of invertebrate zoology

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