ethyl chloride

ethyl chloride
a flammable gas, C2H5Cl, used as a refrigerant, solvent, and anesthetic. Also called chloroethane.

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also called  chloroethane 

      colourless, flammable gas belonging to the family of organohalogen compounds (organohalogen compound). At one time, ethyl chloride was a high-volume industrial chemical used in the preparation of the gasoline additive tetraethyl lead. Beginning with restrictions on leaded gasoline in the 1970s and continuing until the eventual ban on its use in 1997, ethyl chloride production decreased. Today, ethyl chloride has limited applications; it is used mainly in the production of other organic chemicals.

      It has been used as a local anesthetic for small incisions, tooth extractions, and needle punctures by spraying it on the surface of the skin, where its rapid evaporation produces a numbing sensation.

      Ethyl chloride is prepared from ethylene by reaction with hydrogen chloride in the presence of aluminum chloride as a catalyst. Ethyl chloride boils at 12.3 °C (54.1 °F) and freezes at −138.7 °C (−217.7 °F); it dissolves freely in alcohol, ether, and other organic solvents but only slightly in water.

Francis A. Carey
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • ethyl chloride — n. a colorless liquid, C2H5Cl, prepared by heating ethyl alcohol with hydrogen chloride in the presence of zinc chloride: used in preparing tetraethyl lead and ethyl cellulose, and as a local anesthetic …   English World dictionary

  • ethyl chloride — n a colorless pungent flammable gaseous or volatile liquid C2H5Cl used esp. as a topical anesthetic * * * [USP] a colorless, extremely volatile, flammable liquid, C2H5Cl, sprayed on skin to produce local anesthesia by superficial freezing caused… …   Medical dictionary

  • ethyl chloride — noun a colorless flammable gas used as a local surface anesthetic • Hypernyms: ↑local anesthetic, ↑local anaesthetic, ↑local, ↑topical anesthetic, ↑topical anaesthetic * * * noun : a colorless pungent flammable gaseous or volatile liquid compound …   Useful english dictionary

  • ethyl chloride — chloretanas statusas T sritis chemija formulė CH₃CH₂Cl atitikmenys: angl. chloroethane; ethyl chloride rus. хлористый этил; хлорэтан ryšiai: sinonimas – etilchloridas …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • ethyl chloride — noun Date: 1869 a colorless pungent flammable gaseous or volatile liquid C2H5Cl used especially as a topical anesthetic …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • ethyl chloride — noun chloroethane …   Wiktionary

  • ethyl cellulose — n. an ethyl ether of cellulose obtained as a white granular solid by treating wood pulp soaked in sodium hydroxide (alkali cellulose) with ethyl chloride: used in adhesives, plastics, insulation, etc …   English World dictionary

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  • ethyl ether — Chem. ether (def. 1). [1875 80] * * * ▪ chemical compound also called  diethyl ether        well known anesthetic, commonly called simply ether, an organic compound belonging to a large group of compounds called ethers; its molecular structure… …   Universalium

  • ethyl — The hydrocarbon radical, CH3CH2–. e. alcohol SYN: alcohol (2). e. aminobenzoate SYN: benzocaine. e. biscoumacetate an anticoagulant chemically related to bishydroxycoumarin and warfarin. e. butyrate used in perfumery. e …   Medical dictionary

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