Boltzmann constant

Boltzmann constant
the ratio of the universal gas constant to Avogadro's number, equal to 1.3803 × 10-16 erg per degree C. Symbol: k
Also, Boltzmann's constant.
[1905-10; after L. BOLTZMANN]

* * *

Ratio of the universal gas constant (see gas laws) to Avogadro's number.

It has a value of 1.380662 × 10-23 joules per kelvin. Named after Ludwig Boltzmann, it is a fundamental constant of physics, occurring in nearly every statistical formulation of both classical and quantum physics.

* * *

      (symbol k), a fundamental constant of physics occurring in nearly every statistical formulation of both classical and quantum physics. The constant is named after Ludwig Boltzmann (Boltzmann, Ludwig Eduard), a 19th-century Austrian physicist, who substantially contributed to the foundation and development of statistical mechanics, a branch of theoretical physics. Having dimensions of energy per degree of temperature, the Boltzmann constant has a value of 1.380650 × 10−23 joule per kelvin (K), or 1.380650 × 10−16 erg per kelvin.

      The physical significance of k is that it provides a measure of the amount of energy (i.e., heat) corresponding to the random thermal motions of the molecules of a substance. For a classical system at equilibrium at temperature T, the average energy per degree of freedom is kT/2. In the simplest example of a gas consisting of N noninteracting atoms, each atom has three translational degrees of freedom (it can move in the x-, y-, or z-directions), and so the total thermal energy of the gas is 3NkT/2.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Boltzmann constant — [bōlts′mən; ] Ger [ bō̂ltz′män΄] n. [after Ludwig Boltzmann (1844 1906), Austrian physicist] Physics a constant used in equations involving ideal gases, equal to 1.380658 × 10 23 joules per kelvin: symbol, k: also called Boltzmann s constant …   English World dictionary

  • Boltzmann Constant —  Boltzmann Constant  Постоянная Больцмана   Физическая постоянная, определяющая связь между температурой и энергией. Названа в честь австрийского физика Людвига Больцмана, сделавшего большой вклад в статистическую физику, в которой эта постоянная …   Толковый англо-русский словарь по нанотехнологии. - М.

  • Boltzmann constant — For the constant pertaining to energy of black body radiation see Stefan–Boltzmann constant Values of k[1] Units 1.3806488(13)×10−23 J K−1 8.617332 …   Wikipedia

  • Boltzmann constant — Physics. the ratio of the universal gas constant to Avogadro s number, equal to 1.3803 × 10 16 erg per degree C. Symbol: k Also, Boltzmann s constant. [1905 10; after L. BOLTZMANN] * * * Boltzmann constant /bōltsˈmən konˈstənt/ (physics) noun The …   Useful english dictionary

  • Boltzmann constant — Bolcmano konstanta statusas T sritis Standartizacija ir metrologija apibrėžtis Apibrėžtį žr. priede. priedas( ai) Grafinis formatas atitikmenys: angl. Boltzmann constant vok. Boltzmann Konstante, f; Boltzmannsche Konstante, f rus. константа… …   Penkiakalbis aiškinamasis metrologijos terminų žodynas

  • Boltzmann constant — Bolcmano konstanta statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Boltzmann constant vok. Boltzmann Konstante, f; Boltzmannsche Konstante, f rus. постоянная Больцмана, f pranc. constante de Boltzmann, f …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Boltzmann constant — Bolcmano konstanta statusas T sritis Energetika apibrėžtis Molinės dujų konstantos ir Avogadro konstantos dalmuo. atitikmenys: angl. Boltzmann constant vok. Boltzman Konstante, f; Boltzmannsche Konstante, f rus. константа Больцмана, f pranc.… …   Aiškinamasis šiluminės ir branduolinės technikos terminų žodynas

  • Boltzmann constant — Bolcmano konstanta statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Apibrėžtį žr. priede. priedas( ai) Grafinis formatas atitikmenys: angl. Boltzmann constant rus. константа Больцмана …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Boltzmann constant — Boltz·mann constant (bōltsґmahn) [Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann, Austrian physicist, 1844–1906] see under constant …   Medical dictionary

  • Boltzmann constant — noun Boltzmanns constant …   Wiktionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”