biotin

biotin
/buy"euh tin/, n. Biochem.
a crystalline, water-soluble vitamin, C10H16O3N2S, of the vitamin B complex, that is present in all living cells and functions as a growth factor and as a catalyst in carboxylation reactions. Also called vitamin H.
[1935-40; < G Biotin < Gk bioté life + -in -IN2]

* * *

Organic compound, part of the vitamin B complex, essential for growth and well-being in animals and some microorganisms.

A carboxylic acid with two rings in its structure, it includes nitrogen and sulfur atoms as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It functions in the formation and metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. It is widely distributed in nature and is especially abundant in egg yolk, beef liver, and yeast. A biotin deficiency can be induced by consuming large amounts of raw egg white, which contains a protein (avidin) that combines with biotin and makes it unavailable. Biotin is needed to synthesize fatty acids and convert amino acids to glucose in the body.

* * *

 water-soluble, nitrogen-containing acid essential for growth and well-being in animals and some microorganisms. Biotin is a member of the B complex (vitamin B complex) of vitamins (vitamin). It functions in the formation and metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. A relatively stable substance, it is widely distributed in nature and is especially abundant in egg yolk, beef liver, and yeast.

      Biotin was first identified as a nutritive requirement of yeast. Originally called vitamin H, it was isolated in pure form in 1935; its structure was established in 1942, after it had been shown to be required by animals. Evidence for the necessity of biotin appeared with the discovery in 1927 that the addition of uncooked egg white to a diet that is otherwise adequate produces toxicity and disease. This is because egg white contains a specific protein, avidin, that combines with biotin and thus prevents its absorption. In practice, biotin deficiency results only from the prolonged consumption of an exceptionally large number of uncooked egg whites; symptoms include dermatitis and hair loss.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Biotin — Biotin[1] …   Wikipedia

  • biotin — i o*tin n. a B vitamin ({C10H16N2O3S}) that aids in body growth; called also {vitamin H} and {coenzyme R}. It functions as a coenzyme in many carboxylation reactions. Note: Biotin binds tightly to the substance avidin, found in raw egg whites.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • biotin — vitamin of the B group (also sometimes called vitamin H) essential for the growth of yeast, 1936, from Ger. Biotin (1936), from Gk. biotos life (see BIO (Cf. bio )) + chemical suffix IN (Cf. in) (2) …   Etymology dictionary

  • biotin — biòtīn m <G biotína> DEFINICIJA C10H16N2O3S, vitamin B grupe, prisutan u kvascu, žumanjku jajeta, jetri, prima se putem hrane, a sintetizira ga i normalna crijevna flora, u čovječjem organizmu deponira se u jetri ETIMOLOGIJA njem. Biotin ≃… …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • biotin — biotin. См. витамин Н. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Biotin — Biotin, Vitamin H, zu den wasserlöslichen Vitaminen gehörende Verbindung aus zwei Fünfringen und der n Valeriansäure; als Coenzym insbesondere an CO2 Übertragungen beteiligt; reichlich enthalten in Leber, Niere, Eigelb, Hefe. Die Darmbakterien… …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • biotin — ► NOUN ▪ a vitamin of the B complex, found in egg yolk, liver, and yeast, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and glucose. ORIGIN from Greek bios life …   English terms dictionary

  • biotin — [bī′ə tin] n. [ BIOT(IC) + IN1] a bacterial growth factor, C10H16O3N2S, present in all living things; vitamin H: it is one of the vitamin B group and is found in liver, egg yolk, yeast, etc …   English World dictionary

  • Biotin — Strukturformel Allgemeines Trivialname Vitamin B7 Vitamin B8 Vitamin H …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Biotin — A water soluble B complex vitamin involved in carbon dioxide transfer and therefore essential to the metabolism of carbohydrate and fat. A balanced diet usually contains enough biotin. Foods with high biotin levels include nuts, cereals, green… …   Medical dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”