Berkeley

/berrk"lee/; for 2, 3, 6 also Brit. /bahrk"lee/, n.

1. Busby /buz"bee/, (William Berkeley Enos), 1895-1976, U.S. choreographer and musical-film director.

2. George, 1685?-1753, Irish bishop and philosopher.

3. Sir William, 1610-77, British colonial governor of Virginia 1642-76.

4. a city in W California, on San Francisco Bay. 103,328.

5. a city in E Missouri, near St. Louis. 16,146.

6. a male given name.

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I

City (pop., 2000: 102,743), western California, U.S. Located on San Francisco Bay, the city was founded as Oceanview in 1853 and selected as a campus site by the College (later University) of California.

The college, named for the philosopher George Berkeley, opened in 1873. See also University of California.

II

(as used in expressions)

Berkeley Busby

William Berkeley Enos

Berkeley George

Bishop Berkeley

Berkeley Sir William

Moynihan Berkeley George Andrew

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▪ California, United States

      city, Alameda county, west-central California, U.S. Located on the northeastern shore of San Francisco Bay, Berkeley is directly east of the Golden Gate and adjacent to Oakland (south).

      Originally part of the Rancho San Antonio that was granted to the Peralta family in 1820, it was settled as Ocean View in 1853 and selected as a campus site by the College of California (founded 1855 in Oakland). The college merged with the Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to create the University of California (California, University of) in 1868, and the campus (named for the philosopher George Berkeley (Berkeley, George)) was opened in 1873. The city's population surged after many people fled San Francisco following the devastating 1906 earthquake. Bridging the bay in the 1930s facilitated commuting and contributed to the city's growth. During the 1960s and '70s the hippie culture flourished in the city, and it continues to influence daily life in Berkeley. Chef Alice Waters made the city a centre of what is now known as the “Slow Food” movement, with her emphasis on fresh, organic, and locally grown foods.

      Berkeley remains primarily an educational and residential community. Various divinity schools, including the Pacific School of Religion (1866), are located there. Several outstanding museums are on the University of California campus, including the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, the Essig Museum of Entomology, and the University and Jepson herbaria. Other noteworthy museums are the Judah L. Magnes Museum, highlighting Jewish art and history, and the Habitot Children's Museum. The city's many arts festivals draw large crowds. Berkeley Aquatic Park faces the bay, and fishing is popular at Berkeley Marina. Charles Lee Tilden Regional Park, which features a botanical garden, is adjacent to the city. Inc. 1878. Pop. (1990) 102,724; (2000) 102,743.

▪ county, South Carolina, United States

      county, southern South Carolina, U.S. It consists of a low-lying area on the Coastal Plain, with the suburbs of Charleston at its southern tip, and is bordered to the northeast by the Santee River (Santee-Wateree-Catawba river system) and to the southeast by the Wando River; it is also drained by the Cooper River. Lake Marion, in the northwest, is formed by the Santee Dam; the lake's southern outlet flows into Lake Moultrie, formed by the Pinopolis Dam on the Cooper River. Nearby is the Old Santee Canal State Park. Much of Berkeley county's eastern half is occupied by Francis Marion (Marion, Francis) National Forest, which includes Hell Hole Swamp.

      Siouan-speaking Sewee Indians inhabited the area at the start of European settlement of Carolina in the 1670s. The county's riverside swamps provided a haven for colonial guerrillas led by Francis Marion (Marion, Francis) against the British during the American Revolution. The county was established in 1882 and named for Sir William Berkeley, a colonial governor of Virginia, and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, a colonial proprietor of Carolina.

      Most of Berkeley county is covered by pine and cypress-hardwood forests. The processing of timber, including logging and sawmilling, dominates local industry, which also includes the manufacture of clothes and textile products. Sand and limestone are quarried, tobacco and corn (maize) are leading farm products, and recreation on the county's man-made lakes is also important to the economy. The Charleston suburbs of Goose Creek and Hanahan are the largest cities; Moncks Corner is the county seat. Area 1,100 square miles (2,848 square km). Pop. (1990) 128,776; (2000) 142,651.

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