archiphoneme

archiphoneme
/ahr"keuh foh'neem, ahr'keuh foh"neem/, n. Ling.
1. an abstract phonological unit consisting of the distinctive features common to two phonemes that differ only in that one has a distinctive feature lacking in the other. The archiphoneme is said to be realized when in a certain position an otherwise phonemic opposition is neutralized; thus, in German, while p and b are separate phonemes differing only in the distinctive feature of voicing, in final position the voicing or unvoicing of the labial stop is nondistinctive, and the p-sound of leib "body" may be called the realization of the archiphoneme.
2. such a unit occurring in a position where the contrast between two or more phonemes is neutralized.
[1935-40; < G Archiphonem or < F archiphonème, term first used by R. Jakobson in 1929; see ARCHI-, PHONEME]

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