acetone

acetone
—acetonic /as'i ton"ik/, adj.
/as"i tohn'/, n. Chem.
a colorless, volatile, water-soluble, flammable liquid, C3H6O, usually derived by oxidation of isopropyl alcohol or by bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates: used chiefly in paints and varnishes, as a general solvent, and in organic synthesis. Also called dimethylketone.
[1830-40; ACET- + -ONE]

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or dimethyl ketone

Simplest and most important ketone (CH3COCH3).

It is a colourless, flammable liquid, boiling at 133 °F (56.2 °C). Many fats, resins, and organic materials dissolve easily in it, so it is used to make artificial fibres, explosives, resins, paints, inks, cosmetics (including nail-polish remover), coatings, and adhesives. Acetone is used as a chemical intermediate in pharmaceuticals and many other compounds.

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also called  2-propanone  or  dimethyl ketone 
 organic solvent of industrial and chemical significance, the simplest and most important of the aliphatic (fat-derived) ketones (ketone). Pure acetone is a colourless, somewhat aromatic, flammable, mobile liquid that boils at 56.2 °C (133 °F).

      Acetone is capable of dissolving many fats (fat) and resins (resin) as well as cellulose ethers, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, and other cellulose esters. Because of the latter quality, acetone is used extensively in the manufacture of artificial fibres (such as some rayons (rayon)) and explosives (explosive). It is used as a chemical intermediate in pharmaceuticals (pharmaceutical) and as a solvent for vinyl and acrylic resins, lacquers, alkyd paints, inks, cosmetics (cosmetic) (such as nail-polish remover), and varnishes (varnish). It is used in the preparation of paper coatings, adhesives, and heat-seal coatings and is also employed as a starting material in the synthesis of many compounds.

      The cumene hydroperoxide process is the dominant process used in the commercial production of acetone. Acetone is also prepared by the dehydrogenation of 2-propanol ( isopropyl alcohol).

William H. Brown
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • acetone — /atʃe tone/ s.m. [dal fr. acétone ]. 1. (chim.) [composto organico usato come solvente] ▶◀ propanone. ⇑ Ⓖ solvente. 2. (fam.) [sindrome i cui fenomeni più appariscenti sono rappresentati da vomito ripetuto, cospicua eliminazione urinaria di… …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • Acetone — Ac e*tone, n. [See {Acetic}.] (Chem.) A volatile liquid consisting of three parts of carbon, six of hydrogen, and one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, obtained by the distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive distillation of citric… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Acetōne — Acetōne, s. Ketone …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • acetone — (n.) colorless volatile liquid, 1839, lit. a derivative of acetic acid, from L. acetum vinegar (see ACETIC (Cf. acetic)) + Greek based chemical suffix ONE (Cf. one), which owes its use in chemistry to this word …   Etymology dictionary

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