pel-

I. pel-¹

Pale.

Derivatives include pallor, falcon, and poliomyelitis.

1. Suffixed variant form *pal-wo-.

a.

(i) fallow deer, from Old English fealu, fealo, reddish yellow;

(ii) fauvism, from Frankish *falw-, reddish-yellow. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *falwaz;

b. pale², pallid, pallor; appall, from Latin pallēre, to be pale;

c. palomino, from Latin palumbēs (influenced in form by Latin columbus, dove), ringdove, “gray-bird.”

2. Probably suffixed form *pel-ko-. falcon; gyrfalcon, from Late Latin falcō, falcon, from Germanic *falkōn-, falcon (< “gray bird” but this is also possibly from the Late Latin).

3. Suffixed extended form *peli-wo-.

a. Pelops, from Greek pelios, dark;

b. o-grade form *poli-wo-. poliomyelitis, from Greek polios, gray.

4. Perhaps Greek pelargos, stork (< *pelawo-argos, “black-white bird” argos, white; see arg-): pelargonium.

 

[Pokorny 6. pel- 804.]

  II. pel-²

To fold.

1. Extended o-grade form *polt-.

a. fold¹, from Old English fealdan, faldan, to fold;

b. faltboat, from Old High German faldan, to fold;

c. furbelow, from Italian falda, fold, flap, pleat;

d.

(i) faldstool, from Medieval Latin compound faldistolium, folding chair;

(ii) fauteuil, from Old French faldestoel, faldstool. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic compound *faldistōlaz, “folding stool” (*stōlaz, stool; see stā-);

e. -fold, from Old English -feald, -fald, -fold, from Germanic combining form *-falthaz, *-faldaz. a-e all from Germanic *falthan, *faldan.

2. Combining form *-plo-.

a. decuple, multiple, octuple, quadruple, quintuple, septuple, sextuple, triple, from Latin -plus, -fold (as in triplus, threefold);

b. -ploid; triploblastic, from Greek -plos, -ploos, -fold (as in haploos, haplous, single, and triploos, triple).

 

[Pokorny 3a. pel- 802.]

  III. pel-³

Skin, hide.

1. Suffixed form *pel-no-. fell³, from Old English fell, skin, hide, from Germanic *felnam.

2. film, from Old English filmen, membrane, from Germanic suffixed form *fel-man-ja-.

3. Suffixed form *pel-ni-. pelisse, pellicle, pelt¹, peltry, pillion; pellagra, surplice, from Latin pellis, skin.

4. erysipelas, from Greek -pelas, skin.

5. Suffixed form *pel-to-. peltate, from Greek peltē, a shield (made of hide).

 

[Pokorny 3b. pel- 803.]

  IV. pel-⁴

To sell. Lengthened o-grade form *pōl-. bibliopole, monopoly, from Greek pōlein, to sell.

 

[Pokorny 5. pel- 804.]

  V. pel-⁵

To thrust, strike, drive.

Derivatives include anvil, filter, pulsate, polish, and appeal.

I. Suffixed form *pel-de-.

1.

a. anvil, from Old English anfilt(e), anfealt, anvil (“something beaten on”);

b.

(i) felt¹, from Old English felt, felt;

(ii) filter, filtrate, from Medieval Latin filtrum, filter, piece of felt. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *feltaz, *filtiz, compressed wool. Both a and b from Germanic *felt-, *falt-, to beat.

2. pelt², poussette, pulsate, pulse¹, push; compel, dispel, expel, impel, impulse, propel, repel, from Latin pellere (past participle pulsus), to push, drive, strike.

3.

a. Suffixed o-grade form *pol-o-, fuller of cloth. polish, from Latin polīre, to make smooth, polish (< “to full cloth”);

b. suffixed o-grade form *pol-o- (with different accentuation from the preceding), fulled (of cloth). interpolate, from Latin compound adjective interpolis (also interpolus), refurbished (inter-, between; see en).

II. Extended form *pelə₂-.

1. Present stem *pelnā-.

a. appeal, peal, rappel, repeal, from Latin appellāre, “to drive to,” address, entreat, appeal, call (ad-, to; see ad-);

b. compellation, from Latin compellāre, to accost, address (com-, intensive prefix; see kom).

2. Possible suffixed zero-grade extended adverbial form *pl̥ə-ti-, or locative plural *pl̥ə-si. plesiosaur, from Greek plēsios, near (< “pushed toward”), from pre-Greek *plāti or *plāsi.

 

[Pokorny 2a. pel- 801.]

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