ko-

Stem of demonstrative pronoun meaning “this.” Oldest form *k̑o-, becoming *ko- in centum languages.

Derivatives include he¹, et cetera, and behind.

I. Variant form *ki-.

1.

a. he¹, from Old English hē, he;

b. him, from Old English him, him (dative of hē);

c. his, from Old English his, his (genitive of hē);

d. her, from Old English hire, her (dative and genitive of heo, she);

e. it, from Old English hit, it (neuter of hē);

f. here, from Old English hēr, here;

g. hence, from Old English heonane, heonon, from here. a-g all from Germanic *hi-.

2. Suffixed form *ki-tro-. hither, from Old English hider, hither, from Germanic *hi-thra-.

3. Suffixed form *ki-s. cis-, from Latin cis, on this side of.

II. Variant form *ke-.

1. Preposed in *ke-etero- (*e-tero-, a second time, again; see i-). et cetera, from Latin cēterus (neuter plural cētera), the other part, that which remains.

2. Postposed in Latin -ce (see nu-).

III.

1. behind, hind¹, from Old English behindan, in the rear, behind (bi, at; see ambhi).

2. hinterland, from Old High German hintar, behind.

3. hinder¹, hindrance, from Old English hindrian, to check, hinder, from Germanic derivative verb *hindrōn, to keep back. 1-3 all from Germanic root *hind-, behind, attributed by some to this root (but more likely of obscure origin).

 

[Pokorny 1. ko- 609.]

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