dhghem-

Earth. Oldest form *dhg̑hem-, becoming *dhghem- in centum languages.

Derivatives include bridegroom, chameleon, and homicide.

1. Suffixed zero-grade form *(dh)ghm̥-on-, “earthling.” bridegroom, from Old English guma, man, from Germanic *gumōn-.

2. O-grade form *dh(e)ghom-. chthonic; autochthon, from Greek khthōn, earth.

3. Zero-grade form *dhghm̥-. chamaephyte, chameleon, chamomile, germander, from Greek khamai, on the ground.

4. Suffixed o-grade form *(dh)ghom-o-. humble, humiliate, humility, humus¹, omerta; exhume, inhume, transhumance, from Latin humus, earth.

5. Suffixed o-grade form *(dh)ghom-on-, “earthling.”

a. homage, hombre¹, hominid, homo¹, homunculus, ombre; bonhomie, homicide, from Latin homō, human being, man;

b. human, humane, from Latin hūmānus, human, kind, humane (in part from dhghem-).

6. Suffixed form *(dh)ghem-yā-. chernozem, sierozem, zemstvo, from Old Russian zemĭ, land, earth.

7. Full-grade form *(dh)ghem-. zamindar, from Persian zamīn, earth, land.

 

[Pokorny g̑hđem- 414.]

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