vulcanization

vulcanization
vulcanization [vul΄kə ni zā′shən]
n.
/span> VULCANIZE + -ATION
1. the process of treating crude rubber with sulfur or its compounds and subjecting it to heat in order to make it nonplastic and increase its strength and elasticity
2. a process somewhat like this, for hardening some substance

* * *

See vulcanizable.

* * *

Chemical process, discovered by Charles Goodyear (1839), by which the physical properties of natural or synthetic rubber are improved.

It consists principally of heating rubber with sulfur; other substances (accelerators, carbon black, antioxidants, etc.) are also added. The sulfur does not simply dissolve or disperse in the rubber, but rather combines chemically, mostly in the form of cross-links (bridges) between the long-chain molecules; however, the reactions are not fully understood. Vulcanized rubber has higher tensile strength and resistance to swelling and abrasion, and is elastic over a greater range of temperatures.

* * *

▪ rubber manufacturing
 chemical process by which the physical properties of natural or synthetic rubber are improved; finished rubber has higher tensile strength and resistance to swelling and abrasion, and is elastic over a greater range of temperatures. In its simplest form, vulcanization is brought about by heating rubber with sulfur.

      The process was discovered in 1839 by the U.S. inventor Charles Goodyear (Goodyear, Charles), who also noted the important function of certain additional substances in the process. Such a material, called an accelerator (q.v.), causes vulcanization to proceed more rapidly or at lower temperatures. The reactions between rubber and sulfur are not fully understood, but in the product, the sulfur is not simply dissolved or dispersed in the rubber; it is chemically combined, mostly in the form of cross-links, or bridges, between the long-chain molecules.

      In modern practice, temperatures of about 140°–180° C are employed, and in addition to sulfur and accelerators, carbon black or zinc oxide is usually added, not merely as an extender, but to improve further the qualities of the rubber. Anti-oxidants are also commonly included to retard deterioration caused by oxygen and ozone. Certain synthetic rubbers are not vulcanized by sulfur but give satisfactory products upon similar treatment with metal oxides or organic peroxides.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Vulcanization — (or Vulcanisation) refers to a specific curing process of rubber involving high heat and the addition of sulfur or other equivalent curatives. It is a chemical process in which polymer molecules are linked to other polymer molecules by atomic… …   Wikipedia

  • Vulcanization — Vul can*i*za tion, n. [See {Vulcan}.] The act or process of imparting to caoutchouc, gutta percha, or the like, greater elasticity, durability, or hardness by heating with sulphur under pressure. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • vulcanization — [vul΄kə ni zā′shən] n. [< VULCANIZE + ATION] 1. the process of treating crude rubber with sulfur or its compounds and subjecting it to heat in order to make it nonplastic and increase its strength and elasticity 2. a process somewhat like this …   English World dictionary

  • vulcanization — vulkanizavimas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Kaučiuko perdirbimo į gumą procesas. atitikmenys: angl. vulcanization rus. вулканизация …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • vulcanization — vulkanizavimas statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Terminis gumos gaminių taisymas. atitikmenys: angl. vulcanization rus. вулканизация …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • vulcanization — A chemical reaction which changes the physical properties of elastomers. The setting of rubber into a solid material by use of moderate heat and sulfur or a sulfur compound. Also see self vulcanization …   Dictionary of automotive terms

  • vulcanization — The process whereby crude rubber is converted to a form fit for use in the manufacture of tires and other products of industry, one type of such process being known to the trade as cold vulcanization. Vultex Corp. v Heveatex Corp. (CAI Mass) 100… …   Ballentine's law dictionary

  • vulcanization — vulcanize (also vulcanise) ► VERB ▪ harden (rubber or rubber like material) by treating it with sulphur at a high temperature. DERIVATIVES vulcanization noun …   English terms dictionary

  • vulcanization — noun Date: 1846 the process of treating crude or synthetic rubber or similar plastic material chemically to give it useful properties (as elasticity, strength, and stability) …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • vulcanization — noun A process by which rubber is hardened using heat and sulphur. See Also: vulcanize, vulcanise …   Wiktionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”