- Industrial chemicals
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▪ TableIndustrial chemicalschemicals toxicity, symptoms, and signsHydrocarbonsgasoline, toluene, xylene, hexanes, n-hexane, heptanes CNS depression, headache, nausea, vomiting, irritation of skin and eyesChlorinated hydrocarbonschloroform, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, and others CNS depression, sensitization of heart muscle; many cause liver and kidney injuries; some cause liver tumours in animalsAlcoholsmethanol headache; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; abdominal pain; restlessness; cold, clammy limbs; shortness of breath; CNS depression; blurred vision; blindnessethanol irritation of stomach, CNS depression, fetal alcohol syndrome; brain damage, amnesia, sleep disturbances, heart damage, fatty liver, liver cirrhosisAldehydesformaldehyde irritation of eyes, nose, and throat; headache; bronchitis; lung edema; asthma and allergic contact dermatitis; carcinogenic in animalsKetonesvarious irritation of eyes, nose, and throatEstersvarious irritation of eyes, nose, and throat; pulmonary edemaAromatic amines and nitro compoundsvarious CNS depression, methemoglobinemia; some are carcinogenicAnhydrides and isocyanatesvarious irritation of skin, eyes, nose, and throat; asthma; allergic contact dermatitisMiscellaneous organic compoundspolychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) chloracne, liver injury; carcinogenic and teratogenic in animalsMetalslead compounds colic; abnormal red blood cells; injuries to kidney, peripheral nerves (weakness and palsy), and brain (irritability, restlessness, excitement, confusion, delirium, vomiting, visual disturbance); lead acetate is carcinogenic in ratsarsenic compounds edema, heart damage, low blood pressure, vomiting of blood, bloody stool, skin lesions, injuries of nervous systems, liver and kidney damage, cancers of skin and lungCorrosives (acids and alkalies)various corrosion of skin, mouth, throat, stomach, and intestine on contact; irritation of eyes, nose, and throat if inhaledMiscellaneous inorganic compoundshydrogen cyanide, potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide drowsiness, dizziness, headache, rapid breathing, palpitations, weakness, muscle twitches, cyanosis, coma, convulsionhydrogen sulfide, chlorine irritating to skin, eyes, nose, throat, and lung; chest pain; lung edema; shortness of breath; pneumonia; headache; dizziness; nausea; vomitingsodium fluoride, stannous fluoride irritations of mouth, stomach, and intestine; CNS depression; tooth mottling; increased bone densitybleaches (sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite) irritation or corrosion of esophagus, stomach, and intestine; irritation of eyes and skin; acidic condition in the body; rapid breathing; aspiration-induced lung inflammationsilica dust, asbestos fibres lung fibrosis; shortness of breath; cough; chest pain; cancers of the lung, linings of the lung and abdomen, and intestine (asbestos)Air pollutantssulfur dioxide irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and lung; nausea and vomiting; shortness of breath; alterations in sense of smell and taste; unconsciousnessnitrogen oxides, ozone irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and lung (dry throat with ozone); shortness of breath; bluish pale appearance; rapid breathing and pulse; pneumonia; nitrogen oxides also cause the destruction of red blood cells and cause liver and kidney damagecarbon monoxide weakness, confusion, headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, jaw stiffness, shortness of breath, seizures, coma, lung edema, pneumoniaSee as table:
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Universalium. 2010.