White Stripes

▪ American rock duo

      American rock duo from Detroit, known for combining punk, folk, country, and blues. Original band members were Jack White (original name John Anthony Gillis; b. July 9, 1975, Detroit, Mich., U.S.) and Meg White (original name Megan Martha White; b. Dec. 10, 1974, Grosse Pointe Farms, Mich.).

      There was much speculation about whether guitarist-vocalist Jack White and drummer Meg White were brother and sister or husband and wife, and despite the eventual discovery by the media of a marriage license (1996) and a divorce certificate (2000), the pair maintained that they had dated briefly but were never married.

      During the 1990s Meg held a variety of service jobs, and Jack worked as a furniture upholsterer. Exposed to a wide range of music by his employer, Brian Muldoon, Jack became interested in the sound of Detroit punk pioneers Iggy and the Stooges and the MC5 (MC5, the). Jack (on guitar) and Muldoon recorded a blues-infused single under the name the Upholsterers. Trading one set of influences for another, in 1993 Jack signed on as drummer for the established “cow-punk” band Goober and the Peas. Jack gained experience onstage and in the recording studio, and the group's sound (a fusion of punk and rockabilly) and its stage persona (featuring cowboy hats and embroidered western suits) would reappear in his later work. In 1996 Goober and the Peas broke up, and Jack and Meg were married. That year the couple moved into Jack's childhood home, and they began to craft the sound of the White Stripes. The duo played at venues around Detroit, frequently appearing with Two-Star Tabernacle, a country-rock (country rock) outfit that featured Jack and former Goober and the Peas front man Dan Miller. The White Stripes signed a contract with the independent Sympathy for the Record Industry label, and the duo's self-titled debut album was released in 1999. It was followed the next year by De Stijl.

      In 2001 the White Stripes released their breakthrough album, White Blood Cells. Michel Gondry's eye-catching video for the single "Fell in Love with a Girl" received regular airplay on MTV, and the group became media darlings. The duo followed with Elephant (2003), a percussion-driven collection of songs that featured Meg's debut as a vocalist. Elephant earned a Grammy for best alternative music album, and it sold over a million copies on the strength of singles such as "Seven Nation Army." Jack appeared in the film Cold Mountain (2003), and he contributed five songs to its Grammy-nominated soundtrack. In 2004 Jack joined country legend Loretta Lynn to produce Van Lear Rose, a collection of honky-tonk anthems that earned a pair of Grammy awards and introduced Lynn to a new generation of fans. The White Stripes earned another Grammy for their album Get Behind Me Satan (2005), and the song "Icky Thump," from their album of the same name (2007), became the band's first Top 40 single on the U.S. Billboard charts. Continuing to expand his body of work, Jack experimented with straightforward power pop as a member of the Raconteurs. The quartet produced a pair of well-received albums (2006 and 2008) and quickly became a fixture on the summer concert circuit.

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