Tyrrell, Sir James

▪ English soldier

died 1502, London

      English soldier and royal official alleged by the 16th-century Humanist Sir Thomas More (More, Sir Thomas) to have murdered the 12-year-old king Edward V and his younger brother Richard in the Tower of London in August 1483. Modern research has shown that there is little evidence for More's allegation.

      Tyrrell fought on the Yorkist side in their victory over the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury in 1471, and he was knighted after the battle. Sometime during the next decade he became a servant of Richard of Gloucester. In 1482 he was made a knight banneret for his service in Richard's wars in Scotland, and after Richard became King Richard III, he was master of the royal henchmen. Thus More, in his History of King Richard III, was misinformed in claiming that Richard was not well acquainted with Tyrrell before supposedly commissioning him to perform the murders; it also seems incorrect to assert, as More does, that Tyrrell was knighted as his reward for committing the crimes.

      Richard III's successor, King Henry VII, made Tyrrell governor of Guisnes Castle, which guarded the English-held port of Calais, Fr., but in 1502 the King had Tyrrell executed for harbouring a traitor. More claims that, shortly before his death, Tyrrell confessed to the murder of the princes, but this confession is mentioned in no other source. It has never been proved conclusively that Richard III ordered the princes killed, and Tyrrell's involvement in the crime is even more doubtful.

* * *