Thiebaud, Wayne

▪ American painter and printmaker

born Nov. 15, 1920, Mesa, Ariz., U.S.

      American painter and printmaker who is perhaps best known for his crisp American still lifes of such items as foods and cosmetics. He is often incorrectly associated with American Pop art because of his many images of banal objects. However, unlike Pop artists such as Andy Warhol (Warhol, Andy) and James Rosenquist (Rosenquist, James), Thiebaud worked from life, not from media images, and his engagement was evident in his brushstroke, whereas a hard edge signifying mechanical reproduction was preferred by many Pop artists. Thiebaud's paintings of consumer goods, portraits of friends and associates, landscapes near his northern California home, and vertiginous San Francisco cityscapes are richly painted and designed to call attention to form over everything else.

      Thiebaud grew up in a Mormon home in California. He studied commercial art at Long Beach Polytechnic High School and at the Frank Wiggins Trade School (1938; now Los Angeles Trade-Technical College) in Los Angeles and worked as a summer apprentice in the animation department at Walt Disney Studios. From 1939 to 1949 Thiebaud worked as a cartoonist, sign painter, and illustrator. He attended San Jose State College (1949–50) and California State College at Sacramento (B.A., 1951; M.A., 1953). By the late 1940s he had given up commercial work. He came under the influence of the Abstract Expressionists (Abstract Expressionism) and Bay Area figurative movement. By the '50s his work employed the thick, gestural brushstroke of a Willem de Kooning or a David Park, at the service of the everyday: pinball machines, boys on the beach, bakery counters, cosmetics—he rendered them all in bright colours and strong light within severely ordered compositions. In the following decade Thiebaud turned to landscapes, pushing them toward abstraction by using extremely high horizon lines and unusual points of view. The perspective of his San Francisco cityscapes of the 1980s and '90s was also dramatically angled upward so as to read almost like a flat arrangement of colour and form.

      Thiebaud taught art from 1951 to 1960 at Sacramento Junior College (now Sacramento City College) and from 1960 to 1976 at the University of California, Davis. He was active in theatre design work (beginning with The Heiress in 1950) and created public murals and sculptures, and in 1954 he established a company to produce educational art films. In 1967 he represented the United States at the São Paulo Biennial in Brazil, and in 1985 the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art organized a major retrospective of his work. In 1994 Thiebaud received the National Medal of Arts, the highest award given to an artist by the U.S. government.

Additional Reading

Karen Tsujimoto, Wayne Thiebaud (1985); Constance Glenn and Jack Glenn (compilers and eds.), Wayne Thiebaud—Private Drawings: The Artist's Sketchbook (1987); Steven A. Nash and Adam Gopnik, Wayne Thiebaud: A Paintings Retrospective (2000); Susan Goldman Rubin, Delicious: The Life & Art of Wayne Thiebaud (2007).

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