Suhrawardīyah

Suhrawardīyah

▪ Ṣūfī order
      Muslim order of mystics (Ṣūfīs) noted for the severity of its spiritual discipline, founded in Baghdad by Abū Najīb as-Suhrawardī and developed by his nephew ʿUmar as-Suhrawardī. The order's ritual prayers (dhikr) are based upon thousands of repetitions of seven names of God, identified with seven “subtle spirits” (laṭāʾif sabʿah) which in turn correspond to seven lights.

      The main order became concentrated in Afghanistan and the Indian subcontinent, while other branches moved westward. The orthodox Khalwatīyah, also strictly disciplined, was founded in Iran by ʿUmar al-Khalwatī, then spread into Turkey and Egypt in many branches. The Ṣafawīyah, organized by Ṣafī od-Dīn, at Ardabīl, Iran, gave rise to the Iranian Ṣafavid dynasty (1502–1736) and several Turkish branches active against the Ottomans early in the 16th century. The Algerian Raḥmānīyah grew out of the Khalwatīyah in the second half of the 18th century, when ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān al-Ghushtulī, the founder, made himself the centre of Khalwatī devotion.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Sufism — Sufistic, adj. /sooh fiz euhm/, n. the ascetic and mystical system of the Sufis. Also, Sufiism /sooh fee iz euhm/. [1810 20; SUFI + ISM] * * * Mystical movement within Islam that seeks to find divine love and knowledge through direct personal… …   Universalium

  • fakir — /feuh kear , fay keuhr/, n. 1. a Muslim or Hindu religious ascetic or mendicant monk commonly considered a wonder worker. 2. a member of any Islamic religious order; dervish. Also, fakeer /feuh kear /. [1600 10; < Ar faqir poor] * * * ▪ Islam and …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”