Smith, William Jay

▪ American poet

born April 22, 1918, Winnfield, Louisiana, U.S.

      American lyric poet who wrote for both adults and children.

      The son of an army officer, Smith spent much of his early life on a U.S. Army post, a period he recalled in Army Brat: A Memoir (1980; reissued 1991). Educated at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri (B.A., 1939; M.A., 1941), he served in the U.S. Navy from 1941 to 1945, then attended Columbia University and the Universities of Oxford and Florence. He taught at several colleges and universities, served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1960 to 1962, and in 1968–70 was consultant in poetry to the U.S. Library of Congress (now poet laureate consultant in poetry).

      Smith's first collections of poems, Poems (1947) and Celebration at Dark (1950), reveal the breadth of his narrative range, and with The Tin Can and Other Poems (1966) he began to experiment with free verse. His Collected Poems: 1939–1989 was published in 1990 and The World Below the Window: Poems, 1937–1997 in 1998.

      Smith began collecting his whimsical and nonsense poems for children in Laughing Time (1955) and Boy Blue's Book of Beasts (1957); his later collections of children's poetry include Typewriter Town (1960), Ho for a Hat! (1964; rev. ed., 1989), Laughing Time: Collected Nonsense (1990), and Around My Room (2000). He also edited several volumes of children's poetry.

      Smith made a reputation as a translator with versions of Poems of a Multimillionaire by Valéry Larbaud (Larbaud, Valery-Nicolas) (1955) and Selected Writings of Jules Laforgue (Laforgue, Jules) (1956), and he edited and translated other poetry from several languages, including Federico García Lorca's Songs of Childhood (1994). His The Spectra House (1961) is a study of well-known literary hoaxes and lampoons.

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