Plaskett, John Stanley

▪ Canadian astronomer

born Nov. 17, 1865, Woodstock, Ont., Canada

died Oct. 17, 1941, Victoria, B.C.

      Canadian astronomer remembered for his expert design of instruments and his extensive spectroscopic observations.

      Plaskett, a skilled mechanic and photographer, graduated from the University of Toronto in 1899. In 1903 he joined the staff of the Dominion Observatory at Ottawa, where he initiated astrophysical research and devised a spectrograph that made the telescope at Ottawa equivalent to much larger instruments.

      In 1913 Plaskett persuaded the Canadian government to finance the construction of a 72-inch (183-centimetre) reflector. That instrument, largely designed by Plaskett, was placed in operation near Victoria, B.C., in 1918. He was appointed director of the observatory at Victoria in 1917. He used the new telescope to study binary stars and the distribution of calcium in interstellar space. In 1922 he resolved a very massive binary star (Plaskett's star), and in 1930 he deduced the distance and direction of the centre of gravity of the Milky Way Galaxy and the pattern of rotation about it. After his retirement in 1935 he supervised the grinding and polishing of the 82-inch mirror for the telescope of the McDonald Observatory, Fort Davis, Texas.

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