Pastorius, Francis Daniel

▪ German educator

born Sept. 26, 1651, Sommerhausen, Bavaria [Germany]

died , c. Jan. 1, 1720, Germantown, Pa. [now U.S.]

      German educator, humanitarian, author, and public official who helped settle Pennsylvania and was founder of Germantown, Pa.

      After graduating from the University of Altdorf in 1676, Pastorius practiced law in Germany and, from 1680 to 1682, traveled throughout western Europe as a tutor to a young German noble. In April 1683 he became the agent for an association of German Quakers, called the Frankfurt Land Company, who wished to purchase land within the Pennsylvania proprietorship. Pastorius arrived in Philadelphia that summer, purchased 15,000 acres of land from William Penn, and in the autumn established the settlement of Germantown.

      Pastorius served Germantown and the province of Pennsylvania until his death. He was the settlement's first mayor and acted in that capacity as well as being town clerk until the community lost its charter in 1707. He also was a member of Pennsylvania's assembly in 1687 and 1691.

      Pastorius taught at the Friend's school in Philadelphia from 1698 to 1700. He later founded his own school in Germantown and taught there for 17 years. In 1688 he was one of several Pennsylvania Quakers who signed a protest against keeping slaves that, though unsuccessful, was the first of its kind in the English colonies. He spoke several languages, kept an extensive library, and was well-versed in numerous fields of knowledge. He wrote a number of works in both German and English, among them A New Primmer or Methodical Directions to Attain the True Spelling, Reading, and Writing of English, first sold in 1698.

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