Musgrave, Samuel

▪ English scholar and physician

born Sept. 29, 1732, Washfield, Devon, Eng.

died July 4, 1780, Bloomsbury, London

      English classical scholar and physician.

      Educated at the University of Oxford (B.A., 1754; M.A., 1756), Musgrave was elected to a Radcliffe traveling fellowship and spent many years abroad, chiefly in the Netherlands and France. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1760 and took an M.D. degree at Leiden in 1763 (as well as another M.D. from Oxford in 1775). In 1766 he settled at Exeter and then at Plymouth, in Devon, finally settling in London in 1775. His medical practice was financially insufficient, and he thus took to writing for a living. Among other things he produced an annotated edition of Euripides (4 vol., 1778). His notes on Sophocles were published after his death. He also wrote several medical papers.

      Musgrave is also noted as the focus of a minor scandal. In 1769 he published a pamphlet accusing specified members of the English government of having been bribed by the French government to conclude the Peace of 1763; he said that he had acquired this information while living in Paris and that the Chevalier d'Éon de Beaumont, French minister plenipotentiary to England, had in his possession documents that could prove the truth of his assertion. De Beaumont repudiated all knowledge of any such transaction. Many pamphlets appeared for and against Musgrave; but the House of Commons in 1770 decided that the charge was unsubstantiated, and the affair dissipated.

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