More, Paul Elmer

▪ American scholar

born Dec. 12, 1864, St. Louis, Mo., U.S.

died March 9, 1937, Princeton, N.J.

      American scholar and conservative critic, one of the leading exponents of the New Humanism in literary criticism.

      More was educated at Washington University, St. Louis, Mo., and at Harvard, where he met Irving Babbitt (Babbitt, Irving) and where, from 1894 to 1895, he was assistant in Sanskrit. In 1895–97 he was associate in Sanskrit and classical literature at Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. He served as literary editor of The Independent (1901–03) and the New York Evening Post (1903–09) and as editor of The Nation (1909–14). More, like his associate and fellow leader of the New Humanists, Babbitt, was an uncompromising advocate of traditional critical standards and classical restraint in a time that saw the emergence of such naturalist writers as Theodore Dreiser and Sinclair Lewis, whose novels dealt with social issues. As a consequence he drew considerable critical fire, in particular from H.L. Mencken, who led the attack on More, Babbitt, and their disciple, Norman Foerster.

      More's best known work is his Shelburne Essays, 11 vol. (1904–21), a collection of articles and reviews, most of which had appeared in The Nation and other periodicals. Also notable among More's writings are Platonism (1917); The Religion of Plato (1921); Hellenistic Philosophies (1923); New Shelburne Essays (1928–36); and his biography and last published work, Pages from an Oxford Diary (1937). His monumental Greek Tradition, 5 vol. (1924–31), is generally thought to be his finest work.

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