Mariotte, Edme

Mariotte, Edme

▪ French physicist
born c. 1620, Dijon, Fr.
died May 12, 1684, Paris

      French physicist and plant physiologist who, independent of Robert Boyle, discovered the law that states that the volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure. Although widely known as Boyle's law, this basic tenet of physics and chemistry is called Mariotte's law in France.

      Mariotte, a Roman Catholic priest and prior of Saint-Martin-sous-Beaune, was in 1666 one of the founding members of the Academy of Sciences, in Paris. In his Discours de la nature de l'air (1676; “Discourse on the Nature of Air”), in which he coined the word barometer, Mariotte stated Boyle's law and went further by noting that the law holds only if there is no change in temperature.

      From his studies of plants, he concluded that they synthesize materials by chemical processes that vary from plant to plant—a theory verified long after his time. He also observed the pressure of sap in plants and compared it to blood pressure in animals. The first volume of the Histoire et mémoires de l'Académie (1733; “History and Memoirs of the Academy”) contains many papers by him on such subjects as the motion of fluids, the nature of colour, and the notes of the trumpet.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mariotte, Edme — • French physicist, b. at Dijon, France, about 1620; d. at Paris, 12 May, 1684 Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Mariotte , Edmé — (c. 1620–1684) French physicist Mariotte was born at Dijon in France. A priest, he was prior of Saint Martin sous Beaune and also a founder member of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1662 Robert Boyle had stated his law that the pressure and… …   Scientists

  • Mariotte, Edme — ► (1620 84) Físico francés. Descubrió, independientemente de Boyle, la ley que se conoce con el nombre de Boyle Mariotte …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • MARIOTTE, EDME —    a French physicist, born at Dijon; discoverer of the law named after him, that the volume of a gas is inversely as the pressure; called also Boyle s; it bears the name of Mariotte s law on the Continent, and Boyle s in England (1620 1684) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Mariotte — Mariotte, Edme …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Edme Mariotte — (Til Châtel c. 1620 Paris 12 May 1684) was a French physicist and priest.[1] Contents 1 Biography 2 Work 3 Publications …   Wikipedia

  • Edme Mariotte —     Edme Mariotte     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Edme Mariotte     French physicist, b. at Dijon, France, about 1620; d. at Paris, 12 May, 1684. His residence was at Dijon, and some of his works are dated from that place. He was ordained and, as a …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Mariotte — Edme Mariotte (* um 1620 wahrscheinlich in Dijon; † 12. Mai 1684 in Paris) war ein französischer Physiker. Mariotte war zunächst katholischer Geistlicher in Dijon, wo er als Prior von St. Martin sous Beaume wirkte. Seit der Gründung der Akademie… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • MARIOTTE (E.) — MARIOTTE EDME (1620 1684) Physicien français né à Dijon et mort à Paris, Edme Mariotte est l’un des savants du XVIIe siècle qui ont continué en France la grande tradition de Galilée, comme l’ont fait en Angleterre R. Boyle et I. Newton.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Marĭotte — Marĭotte, Edme, Physiker, geb. um 1620 (?) in Bourgogne, gest. 12. Mai 1684 in Paris, war Prior von St. Martin sous Beaune und wurde 1666 Mitglied der Pariser Akademie der Wissenschaften. M. verarbeitete die Ideen seiner Vorgänger Galilei und… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”