Lattre de Tassigny, Jean de

▪ French military officer

in full  Jean-marie-gabriel De Lattre De Tassigny  

born Feb. 2, 1889, Mouilleron-en-Pareds, Fr.

died Jan. 11, 1952, Paris

 French army officer and posthumous marshal of France who became one of the leading military figures in the French forces under General Charles de Gaulle during World War II. He was also the most successful French commander of the First Indochina War (1946–54).

      After service in World War I and Morocco (1921–26), de Lattre held a staff commission early in World War II, becoming commander of an infantry division in May 1940. After France collapsed in June 1940, he was imprisoned by the Germans but escaped to North Africa in October 1943. He then commanded the French 1st Army in the Allied landing operations in southern France (Aug. 16, 1944) and the subsequent drive across France and into southern Germany and Austria. On May 8, 1945, he represented France at the signature of the German capitulation.

      After serving as commander of the Western European Union ground forces, he went in December 1950 to French Indochina, where he mobilized French civilians for the war effort against the nationalist revolutionary Viet Minh movement. He halted General Vo Nguyen Giap's Red River delta offensive of 1951, but illness forced his return to France.

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