ICANN

ICANN

in full  Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers 

      nonprofit private organization incorporated in California on Sept. 18, 1998, and tasked with taking over from the U.S. government various administrative duties associated with running the Internet. ICANN's functions include overseeing the top-level domains (e.g., .com, .net, .org, .edu, .us), registering and maintaining the directory of domain names (e.g., www.britannica.com) used in the Internet protocol (IP), and resolving trademark disputes over domain names.

      In the 1990s the exclusive right to use Internet domain names became a highly contested issue. Domain name labels enable “packets” of information transmitted over the Internet to be delivered to their intended destinations using the transmission control protocol (TCP); the whole system of transmission and addressing is known as TCP/IP. The mnemonic character of domain names also assists consumers in locating Internet-based businesses. As commercial activity on the Internet grew, evocative domain names became increasingly valuable, and struggles over them multiplied, especially as a result of the activities of so-called “cybersquatters,” who registered popular domain names with the aim of ransoming them to businesses at huge profits.

      On taking over administration of the Internet, ICANN promulgated a Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy to resolve domain name controversies. ICANN also licensed several arbitration services to interpret and enforce it, with the assistance of the World Intellectual Property Organization. The first cases under ICANN's dispute resolution policy, including those brought by the World Wrestling Federation and American actress Julia Roberts (Roberts, Julia), were settled in 2000.

      In 1999 the United States established a similar national system, administered by the federal courts, under the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act. Under this law, individuals can be fined up to $100,000 for registering a domain name in “bad faith.” Defenders of the law contended that it was crucial to protect the commercial value of trademarks and to shield businesses from extortion. Critics argued that the legislation was too broad and could be used by companies to suppress consumer complaints, parody, and other forms of free speech.

      In 2000 ICANN's board of directors, after debating a list of close to 200 new top-level domain names submitted by numerous organizations, voted in favour of adding seven new suffixes: .aero (for aviation sites), .biz (businesses), .coop (cooperatives), .info (general information), .museum (museums), .name (individuals), and .pro (professionals, such as doctors). With the exception of the .info domain, few sites have registered in the new domains.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • ICANN — Год основания 18 сентября, 1998 Расположение Лос Анджелес, Калифорния …   Википедия

  • ICANN —   [Abk. für Internet Corporation for Assigned Numbers and Names, dt. »Organisation für die Zuweisung von Nummern und Namen im Internet«], eine privatrechtlich organisierte, gemeinnützige Gesellschaft, die folgende Aufgaben übernimmt:   Sie… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • ICANN — abbrv. Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. The Essential Law Dictionary. Sphinx Publishing, An imprint of Sourcebooks, Inc. Amy Hackney Blackwell. 2008. ICANN …   Law dictionary

  • ICANN — es el acrónimo en inglés de Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers o Corporación de Internet para la Asignación de Nombres y Números. Es una organización sin ánimo de lucro creada el 18 de septiembre de 1998 con objeto de encargarse… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • ICANN — (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names Numbers) company that regulates Internet domain name and address registration (was formed in 1998 as an effort decentralize and privatize these services) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • ICANN — Infobox Non profit Non profit name = ICANN Non profit Non profit type = founded date = September 18, 1998 founder = location = Marina Del Rey, California origins = key people = area served = product = focus = Assignment of domain names and IP… …   Wikipedia

  • ICANN — La Corporación de Internet para la Asignación de Nombres y Números (en inglés: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers; ICANN) es una organización sin fines de lucro creada el 18 de septiembre de 1998 con objeto de encargarse de… …   Wikipedia Español

  • ICANN — Die Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) ist eine privatrechtliche Non Profit Organisation US amerikanischen Rechts mit Sitz in der kalifornischen Küstenkleinstadt Marina del Rey. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Aufgabe 2 Gründung 3… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • ICANN — Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers L’Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN, en français, la Société pour l attribution des noms de domaine et des numéros sur Internet) est une autorité de régulation de l… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • ICANN — ● ►en sg. np. f. ►ORG►INTERNET Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. Organisme créé en 1998 et remplaçant l IANA, organisé en groupes de travail œuvrant chacun dans un domaine particulier, voir ASO, DNSO, PSO. Très critiqué à l… …   Dictionnaire d'informatique francophone

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