Hirundinidae

▪ bird family

      songbird family, order Passeriformes, consisting of swallows and martins, 74 species of small, streamlined birds, noted for their strong and nimble flight, found worldwide except in polar regions and certain islands.

      Members range in size from 11.5 to 23 cm (4.5 to 9 inches) long. They have complete bronchial rings, unique among songbirds; short, flat bills; small, weak feet; and long, pointed wings. These agile fliers dart about catching insects on the wing. Barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) exhibit the typical forked “swallow-tail.” The purple martin (Progne subis) is the largest North American swallow.

      The Hirundinidae belongs to the songbird suborder Oscines (also called Passeres).

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