Gruen, Victor

Gruen, Victor

▪ American architect
born July 18, 1903, Vienna, Austria
died Feb. 14, 1980, Vienna
 Austrian-born American architect and city planner best known as a pioneer of the regional shopping centre (Northland, Detroit, Mich., 1952) and of the renewal and revitalization of city core areas (Fort Worth, Texas, 1955).

      Gruen received his architectural training at the Technological Institute and Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, and worked under Peter Behrens, a leading German architect and teacher, before opening his own architectural practice in 1933 in Vienna. In 1938, shortly after the German occupation of Vienna, Gruen went to the United States, where he began designing projects in various cities, beginning with the Lederer Store (New York City, 1939). He became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1943. In 1950 he established Victor Gruen Associates, a firm composed of professionals from all fields of engineering, architecture, and planning, and turned his attention to solving problems of modern urban areas for mass population. Besides Northland, his significant shopping centres include Southdale (Minneapolis, Minn.), Randhurst (Mount Prospect, Ill.), and Midtown Plaza (Rochester, N.Y.). From 1963 to 1967 his firm produced the general master plan for modern Tehrān, Iran. He served as planning consultant for cities worldwide, including his native Vienna, where, in 1972, he received the City of Vienna award for architecture. After his retirement in 1968, he devoted himself to the Victor Gruen Foundation for Environmental Planning.

      Gruen wrote How to Live with Your Architect (1949), Heart of Our Cities (1964), and Centers for the Urban Environment (1973).

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Victor David Grünbaum — Victor Gruen (* 18. Juli 1903 als Victor David Grünbaum in Wien; † 14. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein bedeutender österreichischer Stadtplaner und Architekt, der durch die Planung der ersten modernen Einkaufszentren am Rand von Städten in den USA… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Victor Gruen — (* 18. Juli 1903 als Victor David Grünbaum in Wien; † 14. Februar 1980 ebenda) war ein österreichischer Stadtplaner und Architekt, der durch die Planung der ersten modernen Einkaufszentren am Rand von Städten in den USA international für Aufsehen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Victor Gruen — Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum [http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0932969.html retrieved Jun 11, 2008] (July 18, 1903 February 14, 1980), was an Austrian born commercial architect.Gruen was born in Vienna and studied… …   Wikipedia

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  • Gruen transfer — In shopping mall design, the Gruen transfer refers to the moment when consumers respond to scripted disorientation cues in the environment. It is named for Austrian architect Victor Gruen (who disavowed such manipulative techniques).Recently, the …   Wikipedia

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  • Gruen transfer — /gruən ˈtrænsfɜ/ (say groohuhn transfer) noun the response that customers in a shopping mall make when they react unconsciously to the spatial design, ambient sound, decor, etc., which have been deliberately chosen to distract them briefly from… …  

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