Fitzherbert, Maria

▪ British consort

née  Mary Anne Smythe 

born July 1756, Brambridge?, Hampshire, Eng.

died March 29, 1837, Brighton, Sussex

      secret wife of the Prince of Wales, the future George IV of Great Britain.

      Of an old Roman Catholic family, she was educated at a French convent. Her first marriage, in 1775, was to Edward Weld, who died within a year, and her second, in 1778, was to Thomas Fitzherbert, who died in 1781, leaving her fairly wealthy. Within two years she had become a prominent figure in London society and ultimately attracted the passionate love of the Prince of Wales. For state reasons a regular marriage was impossible: the Act of Settlement (1689) entailed his forfeiture of the succession if he married a Roman Catholic, apart from the fact that the Royal Marriage Act of 1772 made any marriage illegal without the king's consent, which was out of the question. From Mrs. Fitzherbert's Roman Catholic point of view, any formal marriage ceremony would be ecclesiastically and sacramentally binding. The two were thus secretly married by the Reverend R. Burt, a clergyman of the Church of England, on Dec. 15, 1785. The prince subsequently took up residence near Mrs. Fitzherbert in both Brighton and London.

      In 1787, in the course of debates over sums to be granted to alleviate the prince's debts (the prince was notoriously extravagant), Charles James Fox declared, as on the prince's own authority, that the rumour of the marriage was a malicious falsehood. Others contributed to the denial; but Mrs. Fitzherbert, who at first thought of severing her relation with the prince, forgave him. Seven years later, in June 1794, the prince brutally broke off with her, partly because of his liaisons with other women and partly because of his forthcoming marriage to princess Caroline (the marriage with Mrs. Fitzherbert of course being illegal in English law). Some time later, Mrs. Fitzherbert obtained a formal decision from the pope pronouncing her to be the prince's wife and sanctioning her to take him back. They drifted together again for what she would later call the happiest years of her life; they broke off the final time about 1808, as the prince became more dissolute. Nevertheless, on his death nearly a quarter of a century later, her miniature portrait was found around his neck.

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