Fire, Andrew Z.

Fire, Andrew Z.

▪ American geneticist
born 1959, Stanford, Calif., U.S.
 
 American scientist, who was a corecipient, with Craig C. Mello (Mello, Craig C.), of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2006 for discovering a mechanism for controlling the flow of genetic (genetics) information.

      Fire received a Ph.D. in biology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1983. Three years later he joined the staff at the Carnegie Institution in Baltimore, Md., where he conducted his prizewinning research. Working with Mello, Fire helped discover RNA interference, a mechanism in which genes are silenced by double-stranded RNA. Naturally occurring in plants, animals, and humans, it regulates gene activity and helps defend against viral infection. The two men published their findings in 1998. Possible applications of RNA interference include developing treatments for such diseases as AIDS, cancer, and hepatitis. In 2003 Fire joined the faculty at Stanford University.

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Universalium. 2010.

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