Estes, Richard

▪ American painter

born May 14, 1932, Kewanee, Ill., U.S.

      American painter associated with Photo-realism, a movement in painting characterized by extremely meticulous depiction of detail, high finish, and sharp-focus clarity. Estes is known for his fastidious and highly realistic paintings of urban scenes. His use of photography as a crucial element in the organization of these images links him to other artists who emerged in the 1960s and '70s, including Chuck Close (Close, Chuck) and Duane Hanson (Hanson, Duane).

      Estes attended the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, graduating in 1956, and then moved to New York City. He worked for a time as an illustrator until he was able to support himself by selling his work. Always a representational painter, in the 1960s he began to employ a camera to record detailed information that would be more accurate than memory or observation. In works such as Supreme Hardware (1974), Estes provided more pictorial incident than the eye might take in on its own. His subject matter generally consisted of fairly ordinary sites in Manhattan. Humans are almost always absent in these works, which instead inventory the lively patterns in the modern urban landscape. Estes's scrupulous attention to detail and penchant for introducing multiple reflections within his images gave him a reputation for being obsessive in the pursuit of pictorial similitude. In the 1980s he added scenes of Chicago, Paris, and Florence to his repertoire, and in the 1990s he began a series of works based on the sea, including that of the Maine coast.

Additional Reading

John Wilmerding, Richard Estes (2006); Louis K. Meisel and John Perreault, Richard Estes: The Complete Paintings, 1966–85 (1986).

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