Egmont, John Perceval, 2nd earl of, 1st Baron Lovel And Holland

▪ British politician

born Feb. 24, 1711, Westminster, near London

died Dec. 4, 1770, London

      eccentric British politician and pamphleteer, a confidant of George III.

      Perceval sat in the Irish House of Commons from 1731 to 1748, when he succeeded to his father's earldom in the Irish peerage. His interests, however, were in British politics. Elected in 1741 to represent Westminster in the British House of Commons, he became a critic of Sir Robert Walpole's administration. In 1748 he threw his support to Frederick Louis, prince of Wales, and soon became the principal adviser for the Prince's Leicester House faction as well as opposition leader in the Commons. In conjunction with the Prince, who regarded Perceval as his prospective prime minister, he drafted the Glorious Plan, a blueprint to take control of the government at Frederick's accession. After the Prince died unexpectedly on March 20, 1751, Perceval drew closer to Frederick Louis's son and successor, Prince George (the future George III). In May 1762 Perceval moved from the Commons to the Lords after his elevation to the English peerage as Baron Lovel and Holland. In the ministry of George Grenville, he was appointed 1st Lord of the Admiralty (September 1763), and by 1765 he had become known as a leader of the “King's Friends.” Egmont resigned from Pitt's administration in August 1766, when, as a proponent of an Austro-British alliance, he opposed Pitt's plan to ally with Prussia. His enmity to Pitt was such that in the summer of 1767 he refused office in any government in which Pitt served.

      Egmont was a gifted pamphleteer, and his Faction Detected (1743) is an elaborate vindication of opposition politics. His seventh son was the prime minister Spencer Perceval.

* * *