Dioscorus

Dioscorus

▪ patriarch of Alexandria
born , Alexandria [Egypt]
died Sept. 4, 454, Gangra, Galatia [now Cankiri, Tur.]

      patriarch of Alexandria and Eastern prelate who was deposed and excommunicated by the Council of Chalcedon (Chalcedon, Council of) in 451. He was archdeacon at Alexandria when he succeeded St. Cyril as patriarch in 444.

      He supported Eutyches, a monk of Constantinople and founder of Eutychianism (an extreme form of Monophysitism (monophysite)), who was condemned by a synod at Constantinople in 448. The following year Dioscorus presided over the Robber Synod of Ephesus (Ephesus, councils of). With the support of the Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius II, he reinstated Eutyches, excommunicated Pope Leo I the Great for censuring Eutychianism, and deposed Patriarch St. Flavian of Constantinople for opposing Monophysitism.

      After Theodosius' death in 450, the Council of Chalcedon condemned all Monophysite doctrines and deposed Dioscorus, exiling him to Gangra. He was not, however, condemned as a heretic.

      The Monophysite Christian churches (Coptic, Syrian, and Armenian) venerate Dioscorus as a saint.

pope
born , Alexandria [Egypt]
died Oct. 14, 530, Rome

      pope, or antipope, for 23 days in 530.

      A deacon in the Alexandrian Church, he clashed with the Monophysites (Christians teaching that Christ has only one nature, rather than two—i.e., human and divine) and went to Rome. Under Pope Symmachus he was papal legate at Ravenna to the Ostrogothic king Theodoric the Great.

      In 519 Dioscorus led a legation dispatched by Pope Hormisdas (Hormisdas, Saint) to Constantinople, where, with the Byzantine emperor Justin I, they concluded the Pope's resolution of the Acacian Schism, thereby reuniting the Eastern and Western churches. Hormisdas then unsuccessfully tried to have Justin make Dioscorus patriarch of Alexandria. Later, Dioscorus headed the Byzantine party at Rome during the reign of Pope Felix IV (Felix IV, Saint) (III). To avoid a dispute over the succession between the Gothic and Byzantine factions, who fought for control of Italy and the papacy, Felix appointed the archdeacon Boniface (Boniface II) (II), who was of Gothic descent, as his successor.

      On Felix's death on Sept. 22, 530, a marked majority (60 out of 67) of the Roman clergy, refusing to recognize the designation of Boniface, elected Dioscorus, and both popes were consecrated simultaneously. Dioscorus' sudden death, however, ended the schism; and his partisans then supported Boniface, who in the following December convoked a Roman synod that anathematized Dioscorus. This anathema was solemnly annulled by Pope Agapitus I in 535. According to contemporary canon law, Dioscorus' claim to the papal throne was probably legitimate.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • Dioscorus — (also Dioscoros, Dioskoros, or Dioscurus) can refer to: Pope Dioscorus the Great, Coptic Pope of Alexandria (444 454). Pope Dioscorus II, Coptic Pope of Alexandria (516 517). Dioscorus, 3rd century martyr and saint Dioscurus, father of Saint… …   Wikipedia

  • DIOSCORUS I — Patriâ Alexandrin. Eutychianos errores secutus. Ephesi synodo Lystrica dicta, A. C. 449. condemnavit Flavian. Ep. CP. ibi calcibus occisum: Alexandriam reversus, excommunicavit, Leonem Ep. Regium a Synodo Chalcedonensi 600. Episcoporum damnatus,… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • DIOSCORUS II — cognom. Iunior, post Ioh. Machiotam, Patriâ Alexandrin. A. C. 517. haereticus haeretico successit. Excitatâ a populo seditione, in qua multi occisi, quod electio non esset pro more, ab Episcopis Clero et Populo peracta, nihilominus sedem tenuit,… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Dioscorus —    1. (d. 454 or 458 AD)    Patriarch of Alexandria. He was possibly born in Alexandria and became archdeacon to the patriarch Cyril, with whom he attended the council of Ephesus in 431 and whom he succeeded in 444. Dioscorus soon came into… …   Ancient Egypt

  • Dioscorus — (d. 454)    Patriarch.    Dioscorus was the successor of Cyril of Alexandria to the Patriarchate of Alexandria. He presided over the Council of Ephesus which declared the teachings of eutyches, the Monophysite opponent of Nestorianism, to be… …   Who’s Who in Christianity

  • DIOSCORUS — I. DIOSCORUS Antipapa, Bonifacio II. oppositus, A. C. 530. Athenaricum defensorem habuit, sed paulo post mortuus, a Bonifacio excommunicatus, ob Simoniam, huius vero successore Agapeto, absolutus est. Eum ab Hormisda P. ad Iustinian. missum… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Dioscorus, S. (1) — 1S. Dioscorus, (18. Jan.), ein Martyrer in Aegypten. – Dieser Name stammt vom Griechischen Διόςκορος oder Διόςκουρος und bedeutet »Sohn des Zeus«. Vorzugsweise wurden Kastor und Pollux Διόςκοροι genannt, und man nennt sie auch im Deutschen die… …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Dioscorus, S. (10) — 10S. Dioscorus, (28. Juni), ein Martyrer zu Alexandria in Aegypten. S. S. Serenus …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Dioscorus, S. (11) — 11S. Dioscorus, (20. Aug.), ein Martyrer zu Alexandria, der in mehreren Martyrologien vorkommt …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

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