Dalí, Salvador

Dalí, Salvador

▪ Spanish artist
in full  Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí Y Domenech  
born May 11, 1904, Figueras, Spain
died Jan. 23, 1989, Figueras
 Spanish Surrealist painter and printmaker, influential for his explorations of subconscious imagery.

      As an art student in Madrid and Barcelona, Dalí assimilated a vast number of artistic styles and displayed unusual technical facility as a painter. It was not until the late 1920s, however, that two events brought about the development of his mature artistic style: his discovery of Sigmund Freud's writings on the erotic significance of subconscious (unconscious) imagery, and his affiliation with the Paris Surrealists, a group of artists and writers who sought to establish the “greater reality” of man's subconscious over his reason. To bring up images from his subconscious mind, Dalí began to induce hallucinatory states in himself by a process he described as “paranoiac critical.”

      Once Dalí hit on this method, his painting style matured with extraordinary rapidity, and from 1929 to 1937 he produced the paintings which made him the world's best-known Surrealist artist. He depicted a dream world in which commonplace objects are juxtaposed, deformed, or otherwise metamorphosed in a bizarre and irrational fashion. Dalí portrayed these objects in meticulous, almost painfully realistic detail and usually placed them within bleak, sunlit landscapes that were reminiscent of his Catalonian homeland. Perhaps the most famous of these enigmatic images is “The Persistence of Memory” (1931), in which limp, melting watches rest in an eerily calm landscape. With the Spanish director Luis Buñuel, Dalí also made two Surrealistic films—Un Chien andalou (1928; An Andalusian Dog) and L'Âge d'or (1930; The Golden Age)—that are similarly filled with grotesque but highly suggestive images.

 In the late 1930s Dalí switched to painting in a more academic style under the influence of the Renaissance painter Raphael, and as a consequence he was expelled from the Surrealist movement. Thereafter he spent much of his time designing theatre sets, interiors of fashionable shops, and jewelry, as well as exhibiting his genius for flamboyant self-promotional stunts in the United States, where he lived from 1940 to 1955. In the period from 1950 to 1970 Dalí painted many works with religious themes, though he continued to explore erotic subjects, to represent childhood memories, and to use themes centring on his wife, Gala. Notwithstanding their technical accomplishments, these later paintings are not as highly regarded as the artist's earlier works. The most interesting and revealing of Dalí's books is The Secret Life of Salvador Dali (1942–44).
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Dali, Salvador — (5/11/1904 Figueras 1/25/1989 Figueras) (Spain); aka Dali y Domenech, Salvador    Painter, etcher, illustrator, author, filmmaker, and sculptor. One of the most prominent individuals in 20th century art and the best known of the Surrealists. As… …   Dictionary of erotic artists: painters, sculptors, printmakers, graphic designers and illustrators

  • Dalí, Salvador — b. 1904, Figueras; d. 1989, Figueras    Artist    Dalí s interest in Freud and psychoanalysis led him to develop the paranoic critical method of painting, whereby images are broken down visually and by free association. Millet s Angelus,… …   Encyclopedia of contemporary Spanish culture

  • Dali,Salvador — Da·li (däʹlē), Salvador. 1904 1989. Spanish surrealist artist known for his flamboyant personal style and his disquieting interpretation of fantastic images in meticulously rendered canvases. Among his most famous works is Persistence of Memory… …   Universalium

  • Dalí, Salvador — ► (1904 89). Pintor español. Creador de paisajes desiertos, de visiones crueles en colores muy estridentes. Colaboró en el cine con Buñuel y Hitchcock. El escándalo y la controversia le acompañaron a lo largo de toda su vida. Entre sus obras… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Salvador Dali — Salvador Dalí im Jahr 1965 mit seinem zahmen Ozelot, den er als Haustier hielt. Der legendäre gezwirbelte Schnurrbart war Diego Velásquez abgeschaut. Foto von Roger Higgins Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marqués de Púbol (* 11. Mai 1904 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí — Salvador Dalí im Jahr 1965 mit seinem zahmen Ozelot, den er als Haustier hielt. Der legendäre gezwirbelte Schnurrbart war Diego Velásquez abgeschaut. Foto von Roger Higgins Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marqués de Púbol (* 11. Mai 1904 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Salvador Dalí — photographié par Carl van Vechten, le 29 novembre 1939 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Salvador Dalí — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Salvador Dalí Salvador Dalí en 1939. Fotografía de Carl Van Vechten. Nombre real Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech Nacimiento …   Wikipedia Español

  • Dalí — Salvador Dalí Salvador Dalí Salvador Dalí photographié par Carl van Vechten, le 29 novembre 1939 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Salvador Dali — Salvador Dalí Salvador Dalí Salvador Dalí photographié par Carl van Vechten, le 29 novembre 1939 …   Wikipédia en Français

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