d'Alembert's principle

d'Alembert's principle

      alternative form of Newton's second law of motion, stated by the 18th-century French polymath Jean le Rond d'Alembert. In effect, the principle reduces a problem in dynamics to a problem in statics. The second law states that the force F acting on a body is equal to the product of the mass m and acceleration a of the body, or F = ma; in d'Alembert's form, the force F plus the negative of the mass m times acceleration a of the body is equal to zero: F - ma = 0. In other words, the body is in equilibrium under the action of the real force F and the fictitious force -ma. The fictitious force is also called an inertial force and a reversed effective force.

      Because unknown forces are more easily determined on bodies in equilibrium than on moving bodies, the force and stress analysis of machine components can usually be simplified by using inertial forces. When developing the formulas for the stresses in a rotating disk, for example, it is convenient to assume that a representative element in the disk is in equilibrium under the action of a system of radial and tangential forces produced by the stresses and an outward-acting inertial (centrifugal) force.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • D'Alembert's principle — Classical mechanics Newton s Second Law History of classical mechanics  …   Wikipedia

  • d'alembert's principle — |daləm|be(ə)rz noun Usage: usually capitalized A Etymology: after Jean LeRond d Alembert died 1783 French mathematician, its formulator : a principle in mechanics : the reaction due to the inertia of an accelerated body (as a baseball) is equal… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Alembert — and its variants may refer to:People: *Jean le Rond d Alembert (1717 1783), French philosopher and mathematician *Sandy D Alemberte (b. 1933), American lawyer and former politicianPlaces: *D Alembert (crater), a lunar impact craterMathematics and …   Wikipedia

  • Alembert, Jean Le Rond d' — born , Nov. 17, 1717, Paris, France died Oct. 29, 1783, Paris French mathematician, scientist, philosopher, and writer. In 1743 he published a treatise on dynamics containing d Alembert s principle, relating to Isaac Newton s laws of motion. He… …   Universalium

  • Alembert principle — d’Alambero principas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Alembert principle; d’Alembert principle vok. D’Alembert Prinzip, n; d’Alembertsches Prinzip, n rus. принцип Д’Аламбера, m pranc. principe d’Alembert, m; principe de d’Alembert, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Alembert, Jean Le Rond d' — (1717 1783)    philosopher, writer, physicist, and mathematician    A major figure of the Enlightenment, jean Le Rond d Alembert was born in paris, the natural son of the writer claudine guerin de tencin. With diderot,he was one of the authors of …   France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present

  • Jean le Rond d'Alembert — d Alembert redirects here. For other uses, see d Alembert (disambiguation). Jean Baptiste le Rond d Alembert Jean Baptiste le Rond d Alembert, pastel by Maurice Quentin de La Tour …   Wikipedia

  • Gauss' principle of least constraint — The principle of least constraint is another formulation of classical mechanics enunciated by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1829.The principle of least constraint is a least squares principle stating that the true motion of a mechanical system of N… …   Wikipedia

  • d’Alembert principle — d’Alambero principas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Alembert principle; d’Alembert principle vok. D’Alembert Prinzip, n; d’Alembertsches Prinzip, n rus. принцип Д’Аламбера, m pranc. principe d’Alembert, m; principe de d’Alembert, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • D'Alembert , Jean Le Rond — (1717–1783) French mathematician, encyclopedist, and philosopher D Alembert was the illegitimate son of a Parisian society hostess, Mme de Tenzin, and was abandoned on the steps of a Paris church, from which he was named. He was brought up by a… …   Scientists

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”