Byrom, John

▪ English poet

born Feb. 29, 1692, Kersal Cell, near Manchester, Eng.

died Sept. 26, 1763, London

      English poet, hymnist, and inventor of a system of shorthand.

      Byrom was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was elected fellow in 1714. He then went abroad, ostensibly to study medicine; in view of his Jacobite leanings his journey may have been political. On his return to London in 1718, he taught his own method of shorthand and was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1724.

      Byrom's first poem, “Colin and Phoebe,” appeared in The Spectator (October 1714), and his collected Miscellaneous Poems were published posthumously in 1773. His poems are lively and show ingenuity in the use of rhyme, which is particularly telling in his poetic epigrams. A high churchman, and a follower of William Law (many of whose prose works he paraphrased in verse), Byrom also wrote some forceful hymns, the most famous of which is the Christmas hymn “Christians Awake, Salute the Happy Morn.” His diary gives interesting portraits and letters of the many great men of his time whom he knew intimately. Although his system of shorthand, posthumously printed as The Universal English Shorthand (1767), was soon superseded, it marked a stage in the development of shorthand.

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