Brusewitz, Axel

▪ Swedish political scientist

born June 9, 1881, Vichtis, Finland

died September 30, 1950, Uppsala, Sweden

      leading Swedish political scientist who was known for authoritative studies of Swedish constitutional history and Swiss popular democracy.

      Brusewitz resettled in Sweden from Finland with his parents, who were Swedish, and, having studied at Uppsala University, became lecturer in political science in 1913. He served as an assistant at the provincial archives at Uppsala in 1906–20 and as a college teacher in 1919–23. He became Skytteansk professor of rhetoric and political science at Uppsala in 1923 and served until 1947. He was a prominent member of the government-appointed committee on the popular vote and served as an aide to key parliamentary committees.

      Brusewitz' doctoral dissertation, Representationsfrågan vid 1809–10 års Riksdag (1913; “Representation in 1809–10 [Swedish] Parliament Session”) and his Studier över 1809 års forfattningskris (1917; “Studies on the Constitutional Crisis of 1809”), his most noted works, revolutionized the field of Swedish constitutional history. He demonstrated the influence of foreign political theory, notably that of the French philosopher Montesquieu, on the authors of the Swedish constitution and rejected the notion that the constitution was an expression of national unity but rather asserted that it was a compromise between strongly opposed factions.

      Brusewitz also authored Folkomröstningsinstitutet i den schweiziska demokratien (1923; “The Institution of the Popular Vote and Swiss Democracy”), a study for the committee on the popular vote now regarded as the best work on the subject.

      Brusewitz was also an authority on the relative roles of the Swedish government and parliament in the development of foreign policy, on British parliamentary history, and on Swedish crown law.

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