Rowling, Sir Wallace Edward

Rowling, Sir Wallace Edward
▪ 1996

      ("BILL"), New Zealand politician (b. Nov. 15, 1927, Motueka, N.Z.—d. Oct. 31, 1995, Motueka), led the New Zealand Labour Party throughout the 1970s and served an embattled 15-month tenure as prime minister in 1974-75. Rowling, whose father was a founding member of the Labour Party, received a master's degree in economics in 1952 from the University of Canterbury, where he subsequently lectured. He was serving as an education officer in the army when he entered politics, joining Parliament in 1962. He was president (1970-72) of the Labour Party and held the post of minister of finance (1972-74). His abrupt entrance into the nation's top political post came after the sudden death of Prime Minister Norman Kirk in 1974. Rowling, the youngest prime minister of the century, helped shape a foreign policy that included a strong anti-nuclear stance. His detractors, such as Robert Muldoon, leader of the rival National Party, criticized his low-key style of management as irresolute and ineffective. Owing to his waning popularity and continuing economic troubles, Rowling lost reelection to Muldoon, yet he maintained leadership of the opposition party until 1983, parrying challenges from deputy party leader David Lange. In 1984 he retired from Parliament and was awarded a knighthood. He later served as ambassador to the United States (1985-88), president of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs (1990-95), and chairman of a committee to construct a national museum in Wellington.

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▪ prime minister of New Zealand
byname  Bill Rowling  
born Nov. 15, 1927, Motueka, N.Z.
died Oct. 31, 1995, Nelson

      educator and politician who upon the death of Prime Minister Norman Kirk was elected premier of New Zealand (1974–75).

      Rowling was a lecturer in economics when he entered politics; he became a member of Parliament (1962) and president of the Labour Party (1970–72). He was minister of finance (1972) when he was chosen by the party to succeed the late prime minister. His government's effort to retrieve the economy ended with an upset victory by the National Party in 1975. Rowling continued to lead the Labour Party but lost two more general elections. Upon retiring from the party's leadership in 1983, he was knighted. He served as ambassador to the United States from 1985 to 1988.

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